THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Pattern recognition

Parallel control and management have been proposed as a new mechanism for conducting operations of complex systems, especially those that involved complexity issues of both engineering and social dimensions, such as transportation systems. This paper presents an overview of the background, concepts, basic methods, major issues, and current applications of Parallel transportation Management Systems (PtMS). In essence, parallel control and management is a data-driven approach for modeling, analysis, and decision-making that considers both the engineering and social complexity in its processes. The developments and applications described here clearly indicate that PtMS is effective for use in networked complex traffic systems and is closely related to emerging technologies in cloud computing, social computing, and cyberphysical-social systems. A description of PtMS system architectures, processes, and components, including OTSt, Dyna CAS, aDAPTS, iTOP, and TransWorld is presented and discussed. Finally, the experiments and examples of real-world applications are illustrated and analyzed.

Parallel Control and Management for Intelligent Transportation Systems: Concepts, Architectures, and Applications

The agent computing paradigm is rapidly emerging as one of the powerful technologies for the development of large-scale distributed systems to deal with the uncertainty in a dynamic environment. The domain of traffic and transportation systems is well suited for an agent-based approach because transportation systems are usually geographically distributed in dynamic changing environments. Our literature survey shows that the techniques and methods resulting from the field of agent and multiagent systems have been applied to many aspects of traffic and transportation systems, including modeling and simulation, dynamic routing and congestion management, and intelligent traffic control. This paper examines an agent-based approach and its applications in different modes of transportation, including roadway, railway, and air transportation. This paper also addresses some critical issues in developing agent-based traffic control and management systems, such as interoperability, flexibility, and extendibility. Finally, several future research directions toward the successful deployment of agent technology in traffic and transportation systems are discussed.

A Review of the Applications of Agent Technology in Traffic and Transportation Systems

Knocking combustion in spark-ignition engines

This paper investigates the time series representation methods and similarity measures for sensor data feature extraction and structural damage pattern recognition. Both model-based time series representation and dimensionality reduction methods are studied to compare the effectiveness of feature extraction for damage pattern recognition. The evaluation of feature extraction methods is performed by examining the separation of feature vectors among different damage patterns and the pattern recognition success rate. In addition, the impact of similarity measures on the pattern recognition success rate and the metrics for damage localization are also investigated. The test data used in this study are from the System Identification to Monitor Civil Engineering Structures (SIMCES) Z24 Bridge damage detection tests, a rigorous instrumentation campaign that recorded the dynamic performance of a concrete box-girder bridge under progressively increasing damage scenarios. A number of progressive damage test case datasets and damage test data with different damage modalities are used. The simulation results show that both time series representation methods and similarity measures have significant impact on the pattern recognition success rate.

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Investigation of Time Series Representations and Similarity Measures for Structural Damage Pattern Recognition

The automotive industry is in a transformation towards powertrain electrification, requiring automotive engineers to develop and integrate technologies from multiple disciplines. Michigan Technological University is rolling out a new program in interdisciplinary master of engineering degree and graduate and undergraduate certificates in Advanced Electric Drive Vehicle Engineering. Distinctively we are focusing our education program at the vehicle level and the interconnection to the electric grid. The vehicle level aspects of the program include vehicle requirements, integration of propulsion technologies, safety, diagnostics, control and calibration. Michigan Tech and our industrial partners see these as critical limiting factors in the development and production of advanced electric transportation systems. Additionally, the effort leverages the existing distance learning program in electric power. The result are an interdisciplinary program that meets the needs of the transportation and power industries and provides students with a unique skill set that will accelerate the Introduction

An interdisciplinary program for education and outreach in hybrid & Electric Drive Vehicle Engineering at Michigan Technological University

The Ch Control System Toolkit (CCST) is a software package for the design and analysis of control systems. It is a C/C++ class with member functions for solving control problems in a user-friendly C/C++ interpreter, Ch. Based on the CCST, a Web-based Control System Design and Analysis System (WCSDAS), and a Web-based Controller/Compensator Design Module (WCCDM), have been developed. In this article, using the CCST, WCSDAS, and WCCDM for teaching automatic control of linear time-invariant systems is presented. With the CCST, students are able to solve control problems with only a few lines of C/C++ code. The CCST can also be used to develop various interactive utility programs that will assist students in learning control systems without any programming requirements. With the Web-based WCSDAS and WCCDM tools, students can interactively design and analyze control systems via a Web browser. The CCST, WCSDAS, and WCCDM are open source software packages. These software tools have been used for teaching undergraduate control courses at the University of California, Davis and Michigan Technological University. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21: 95–112, 2013

Open source Ch Control System Toolkit and web‐based control system design for teaching automatic control of linear time‐invariant systems

This paper studies the performance of battery models for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). Two battery models are evaluated using plug-and-play powertrain and vehicle development software, Autonomie. The base vehicle model used for testing the performance of battery models is the Prius MY04, a power-split hybrid electric vehicle model in Autonomie. The battery model in Prius MY04 is based on the Thevenin battery model. It does not consider the effects of double layer, diffusion, and coulombs coefficient. To improve battery model, this study includes battery current loss in the battery model. In addition, voltage losses on double layer effect and diffusion effect are included in the improved battery model. Simulation tests are conducted to compare simulated vehicle fuel economy with two battery models to the vehicle fuel economy test data provided by the department of energy (DOE). The simulation results show that the improved battery model has smaller fuel economy errors than the Thevenin battery model comparing with DOE published vehicle test data.

Study the performance of battery models for hybrid electric vehicles

While renewable power generation and vehicle electrification are promising solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it faces great challenges to effectively integrate them in a power grid. The weather-dependent power generation of renewable energy sources, such as Photovoltaic (PV) arrays, could introduce significant intermittency to a power grid. Meanwhile, uncontrolled PEV charging may cause load surge in a power grid. This paper studies the optimization of PEV charging/discharging scheduling to reduce customer cost and improve grid performance. Optimization algorithms are developed for three cases: 1) minimize cost, 2) minimize power deviation from a pre-defined power profile, and 3) combine objective functions in 1) and 2). A Microgrid with PV arrays, bi-directional PEV charging stations, and a commercial building is used in this study. The bi-directional power from/to PEVs provides the opportunity of using PEVs to reduce the intermittency of PV power generation and the peak load of the Microgrid. Simulation has been performed for all three cases and the simulation results show that the presented optimization algorithms can meet defined objectives.

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Bo Chen

Papers

Investigation of Time Series Representations and Similarity Measures for Structural Damage Pattern Recognition

An interdisciplinary program for education and outreach in hybrid & Electric Drive Vehicle Engineering at Michigan Technological University

Open source Ch Control System Toolkit and web‐based control system design for teaching automatic control of linear time‐invariant systems

Study the performance of battery models for hybrid electric vehicles

Optimal Scheduling of PEV Charging/Discharging in Microgrids with Combined Objectives