With the continuous increase in complexity and expense of industrial systems, there is less tolerance for performance degradation, productivity decrease, and safety hazards, which greatly necessitates to detect and identify any kinds of potential abnormalities and faults as early as possible and implement real-time fault-tolerant operation for minimizing performance degradation and avoiding dangerous situations. During the last four decades, fruitful results have been reported about fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control methods and their applications in a variety of engineering systems. The three-part survey paper aims to give a comprehensive review of real-time fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control, with particular attention on the results reported in the last decade. In this paper, fault diagnosis approaches and their applications are comprehensively reviewed from model- and signal-based perspectives, respectively.

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A Survey of Fault Diagnosis and Fault-Tolerant Techniques—Part I: Fault Diagnosis With Model-Based and Signal-Based Approaches

Light-Emitting Diodes. (Monographs in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.) By A. A. Bergh and P. J. Dean. Pp. viii+591. (Clarendon: Oxford; Oxford University: London, 1976.) £22.

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Light-emitting diodes

Research in closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs) has grown rapidly over the last 10 years. The authors offer a critical review of influential CLSC research that takes a business economics perspective. Much of the research was inspired by practice-driven thoughtpieces, and this helped to keep research focused on relevant issues. However, CLSC research has several assumptions, such as perfect substitution between new and remanufactured products that risk becoming institutionalized. There is a strong need to carefully examine current industrial practice so that research remains focused on relevant problems. Deeper understanding of consumer perceptions of remanufactured products, product diffusion, and valuation of returned products are needed for the field to continue to add insights into developing sustainable economies.

Production and Operations Management

Probability, Reliability and Statistical Methods in Engineering Design

The main advances regarding the use of the Choquet and Sugeno integrals in multi-criteria decision aid over the last decade are reviewed. They concern mainly a bipolar extension of both the Choquet integral and the Sugeno integral, interesting particular submodels, new learning techniques, a better interpretation of the models and a better use of the Choquet integral in multi-criteria decision aid. Parallel to these theoretical works, the Choquet integral has been applied to many new fields, and several softwares and libraries dedicated to this model have been developed.

A decade of application of the Choquet and Sugeno integrals in multi-criteria decision aid

The invention discloses a circuit board service life estimation method based on probability failure physics model and a multi-layer Monte Carlo simulation method. The method can improve the efficiencyof circuit board service life estimation. The method includes steps of 1, estimating time to failure distribution parameters based on a failure physics model; 2, constructing a component set having salient influence based on the component failure time, wherein first, sampling is performed on all the components on a circuit board and the component set having salient influence on circuit board service life is determined, and second, component sets of other layers are selected according to a method capable of maximizing the multi-layer Monte Carlo simulation efficiency; 3, estimating the circuitboard average service life based on the multi-layer Monte Carlo method, wherein setting of an initial sample number, an update method for a sample number of a core set and an outer layer set, judgment of a simulation termination condition and result output are included.

Self-adaptive strategy based circuit board service life estimation method

The invention relates to a strength evaluation method considering random uncertainty of structural parameters, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, carrying out structural analysis on a mechanical structure to find out a weak link or a stress concentration area; determining a stress distribution function of the area; determining a distribution function of the intensity; selecting a corresponding minimum reliable safety coefficient calculation formula; and determining confidence coefficients of stress and strength limit values so as to calculate a minimum reliable safety coefficientand evaluate the strength. By means of the steps, the minimum reliable safety coefficient of stress and strength dispersity can be considered, redundancy is reduced on the premise that structural safety is guaranteed, and the cost is reduced.

Strength evaluation method based on minimum reliable safety coefficient

The invention discloses a natural environment effect knowledge reasoning method based on hybrid reasoning. Through the method, implicit knowledge mining can be performed on structured explicit knowledge (e.g., an ontology model), the natural environment effect and reliability design analysis form dynamic connection, and natural environment effect relevant knowledge can be applied to actual reliability design analysis work. The method comprises the steps that 1, case reasoning of the natural environment effect knowledge is constructed, including case library construction based on feature vectors and a case reasoning method based on property similarity measurement; 2, rule reasoning of the natural environment effect knowledge is constructed; and 3, hybrid reasoning rules of the natural environment effect knowledge are designed.

Natural environment effect knowledge reasoning method based on hybrid reasoning

A lifetime prediction approach for LED packages in paralleled under thermal-electronic coupling effects

The invention discloses a simple aging test device under a wet-thermal force coupling effect, which belongs to the related technical field of composite material test equipment, and comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a composite material test piece, arranging waterproof strain gauges on the upper and lower surfaces of the test piece, and connecting the strain gauges with a PID controllerthrough data lines; (2) fixing the composite material test piece by using a bolt on a clamp, and applying a preset static load; (3) fixing the sample clamps on a metal frame in an array by using magnetic snaps, and placing the metal frame assembled with the sample clamps in a constant-temperature water bath box; and (4) starting a test, and monitoring data such as temperature and strain of the composite material test piece in real time by adopting a PID controller in the test process. The device has the advantages that: 1) temperature, static and humidity coupling loads can be provided simultaneously; and 2) the test device is simple, the occupied space is small, large-batch test conditions are met, and the test cost is lower. The invention relates to the related technical field of composite material testing.

Bo Sun

Papers

Self-adaptive strategy based circuit board service life estimation method

Strength evaluation method based on minimum reliable safety coefficient

Natural environment effect knowledge reasoning method based on hybrid reasoning

A lifetime prediction approach for LED packages in paralleled under thermal-electronic coupling effects

Simple aging test device under moisture-heat-force coupling effect