There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

J. Appl. Cryst.の発刊に際して

A fundamental aim in the field of catalysis is the development of new modes of small molecule activation. One approach toward the catalytic activation of organic molecules that has received much attention recently is visible light photoredox catalysis. In a general sense, this approach relies on the ability of metal complexes and organic dyes to engage in single-electron-transfer (SET) processes with organic substrates upon photoexcitation with visible light.

Many of the most commonly employed visible light photocatalysts are polypyridyl complexes of ruthenium and iridium, and are typified by the complex tris(2,2′-bipyridine) ruthenium(II), or Ru(bpy)32+ (Figure 1). These complexes absorb light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum to give stable, long-lived photoexcited states.1,2 The lifetime of the excited species is sufficiently long (1100 ns for Ru(bpy)32+) that it may engage in bimolecular electron-transfer reactions in competition with deactivation pathways.3 Although these species are poor single-electron oxidants and reductants in the ground state, excitation of an electron affords excited states that are very potent single-electron-transfer reagents. Importantly, the conversion of these bench stable, benign catalysts to redox-active species upon irradiation with simple household lightbulbs represents a remarkably chemoselective trigger to induce unique and valuable catalytic processes.






Open in a separate window


Figure 1


Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes: versatile visible light photocatalysts.

/pdf/visible-light-photoredox-catalysis-with-transition-metal-5d1oxrsczo.pdf

Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis with Transition Metal Complexes: Applications in Organic Synthesis

We have prepared a series of new and some literature-reported GABA-amides and determined their effect on the activation of GABAA-receptors expressed in CHO cells. Special attention was paid to the purification of the target compounds to remove even traces of GABA contaminations, which may arise from deprotection steps in the synthesis. GABA-amides were previously reported to be partial, full or superagonists. In our hands these compounds were not able to activate GABAA-receptor channels in whole-cell
patch-clamp recordings. New GABA-amides, however, gave moderate activation responses with a clear structure–activity relationship suggesting some of these compounds as promising molecular tools for the functional analysis of GABAA-receptors.

/pdf/new-gaba-amides-activating-gabaa-receptors-3mliscnk46.pdf

New GABA amides activating GABAA-receptors.

Damit alle kommenden Wissenschaftlergenerationen dem Thema Nachhaltigkeit bereits wahrend ihrer Ausbildung mehr Beachtung schenken, mussen sich auch die traditionellen Lehrinhalte und Konzepte des Chemieunterrichts an Schulen, Gewerbeschulen, Fachhochschulen und Universitaten andern. Die interaktive Materialsammlung „Nachhaltiges Organisches Praktikum” bietet sich hierfur als Werkzeug an.

Nachhaltige Chemie vom ersten Semester an

Basistexte Chemie: Aromatische Heterocyclen. VonD. T. Davies. 88 S., ISBN 3-527-29289-6; Aromatenchemie. VonM. Sainsbury. 92 S., ISBN 3-527-29290-X; Polare Umlagerungen. VonL. M. Harwood. 96 S., ISBN 3-527-29291-8; Reaktive Zwischenstufen. VonC. J. Moody undG. H. Whitham. 90 S., ISBN 3-527-29292-6. Alle VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, 1995, Broschur, je 19.80 DM

https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/chem.201603416

Burkhard König

Papers

New GABA amides activating GABAA-receptors.

Nachhaltige Chemie vom ersten Semester an

Back Cover: Preparation of Magnesium, Cobalt and Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles from Metal Oxides using Deep Eutectic Solvents (Chem. Eur. J. 37/2016)

Photochemische Spaltung eines Tätowierungspigments durch UV‐B‐Strahlung oder Sonnenlicht