Carolina Balao da Silva

TL;DR: Melatonin is a useful tool to improve the quality of stored stallion sperm, increasing their life span and reducing premature aging, this likely relates to melatonin’s antioxidant properties.

TL;DR: It is indicated that apoptosis plays a major role in the sperm death during storage in refrigeration and that autophagy plays a role inThe survival of spermatozoa representing a new pro-survival mechanism in spermutozoa not previously described.

TL;DR: It is concluded that AKT maintains the membrane integrity of ejaculated stallion spermatozoa, presumably by inhibiting caspases 3 and 7, which prevents the progression of spermatozosa to an incomplete form of apoptosis.

TL;DR: Osmotic excursions induced greater damage than exposure of spermatozoa to a given nonphysiologic osmolality, and again the mitochondria were more prone to damage induced by osmoticexcursions than was the sperm plasma membrane.

TL;DR: Findings supporting this hypothesis were changes in sperm functionality after BSO treatment and changes in GSH and GSSG validated using HPLC-MS, showing that BSO prevented the increase in G SH in the presence of cysteine, although important stallion to stallion variability occurred and suggested differences in expression of glutamate Cysteine ligase.