Catherine J. Karr

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a systematic review of the literature on associations between exposure to ambient air pollution and adverse pregnancy outcomes, concluding that evidence is sufficient to support a causal association between ambient concentrations of particulate matter and LBW, but evidence of effects for other pollutants and for other outcomes such as preterm birth is less robust.

TL;DR: A statistically significantly increased risk of asthma diagnosis with increased early life exposure to CO, NO, NO2, PM10, SO2, and black carbon is observed and the hypothesis that early childhood exposure to air pollutants plays a role in development of asthma is supported.

TL;DR: Prospective cohort studies link early-life exposure to organophosphates and organochlorine pesticides with adverse effects on neurodevelopment and behavior, and among the findings associated with increased pesticide levels are poorer mental development by using the Bayley index and increased scores on measures assessing pervasive developmental disorder, inattention, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

TL;DR: Infant exposure to lotion, powder, and shampoo were significantly associated with increased urinary concentrations of monoethyl phthalates, monomethyl phthalate, and monoisobutylphthalate and associations increased with the number of products used, and this association was strongest in young infants.

TL;DR: Four broad topic areas were considered: confounding and effect modification, spatial and temporal exposure variations, vulnerable windows of exposure, and multiple pollutants, and two key recommendations include parallel analyses of existing data sets using a standardized methodological approach to disentangle true differences in associations.