The present study investigated expression profiles of the potential CSC markers including CD133, CD44, ALDH1, and β-catenin, and evaluated their prognostic value in lung adenocarcinomas. One-hundred-and-seventy-seven tumors (stage I) were immunohistochemically examined for the expression of these markers, and thresholds to subdivide expression levels were determined using receiver operating characteristics curves. Tumors with high levels of CD133 (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 4.55 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-16.40, P = 0.021), CD44 (HR 3.73, 95% CI 1.20-11.58, P = 0.023) or ALDH1 (HR 3.61, 95% CI 1.09-12.3, P = 0.036), but not β-catenin (HR 2.43, 95% CI 0.59-10.8, P = 0.220), showed a significantly higher risk of recurrence than the corresponding low expressers. In conclusion, levels of CD133, CD44, and ALDH1 had independent prognostic value to predict the recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma.

Expression of the potential cancer stem cell markers, CD133, CD44, ALDH1, and β‐catenin, in primary lung adenocarcinoma—their prognostic significance

Oxidative stress and inflammation in the normal airways and blood of patients with lung cancer and COPD.

Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), a member of the Fox family of transcriptional factors, is considered to be an independent predictor of poor survival in many solid cancers. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance of the correlation between FOXM1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in non-small cell lung carcinoma and the possible mechanism responsible for FOXM1-induced EMT and metastasis. In the present study, expression levels of FOXM1 and EMT indicator proteins were determined by tissue microarray (TMA) and immunohistochemical staining, western blotting and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Other cellular and molecular approaches including gene transfection, small interfering RNA (siRNA), and migration and invasion assays were utilized. Our results demonstrated that FOXM1 overexpression was statistically significantly associated with a higher TNM stage (p=0.036), lymph node metastasis (p=0.009) and a positive smoking history of the patients (p=0.044). Additionally, high expression of FOXM1 correlated with loss of E-cadherin expression (p<0.001) and anomalous immunopositivity of Vimentin (p=0.002). Moreover, patient survival analysis demonstrated that high expression of FOXM1 (p=0.043) and the presence of lymph node metastasis (p=0.042) were independent prognostic factors for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, various in vitro experiments indicated that overexpression or knockdown of FOXM1 expression altered EMT through activation or inhibition of the AKT/p70S6K signaling pathway. Collectively, the results suggest that FOXM1 may be used as a prognostic indicator for patients with NSCLC and promotes metastasis by inducing EMT of lung cancer cells through activation of the AKT/p70S6K pathway. Therefore, we suggest that FOXM1 may be a potential target for lung cancer therapy.

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Overexpression of FOXM1 is associated with EMT and is a predictor of poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Podoplanin-Positive Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Could Have Prognostic Value Independent of Cancer Cell Phenotype in Stage I Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Usefulness of Combining Analysis of Both Cancer Cell Phenotype and Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Phenotype

BACKGROUND Many studies have investigated the prognostic role of E-cadherin in patients with NSCLC; however, the result still remains inconclusive. An up-to data system review and meta-analysis was necessary to give a comprehensive evaluation of prognostic role of E-cadherin in NSCLC. METHODS Eligible studies were searched in Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria were studies that assessed the relationship between E-cadherin expression detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the prognosis or clinicopathological features in patients with NSCLC. Subgroup analysis according to race, percentage of reduced/negative E-cadherin expression, histological type, and sample size were also conducted. Odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to examine the risk or hazard association. RESULTS A total of 29 studies including 4010 patients were qualified for analysis. The analysis suggested that downregulated E-cadherin expression was significant associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival/progression-free survival (DFS/PFS) in patients with NSCLC. Subgroup analysis by race, percentage of reduced/negative E-cadherin expression, sample size also found the significant association in OS. When only the stage I NSCLC were considered, downregulated E-cadherin expression still had an unfavorable impact on OS. Additionally, downregulated E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with differentiation grade, lymphnode metastasis, vascular invasion, and TNM stage. CONCLUSION Downregulated E-cadherin expression detected by IHC seems to correlate with tumour progression and could serve as an important prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC.

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Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of downregulated E-cadherin expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): a meta-analysis.

Primary hydatid cysts very rarely form in intrathoracic yet extrapulmonary sites. Accurate preoperative diagnosis in such cases is difficult, and corrective surgical procedures necessarily differ from those that are used to treat the far more typical pulmonary or hepatic hydatid cysts. We retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic and operative characteristics of intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts, and we examined the outcome of aggressive surgical interventions that went beyond conventional parenchymal-sparing procedures.

From 2003 through 2007, 14 patients (mean age, 39.14 ± 16.8 yr) underwent surgical treatment in our hospital for primary intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts. These cysts were variously in the diaphragm, chest wall, mediastinum, pleura, and pericardial cavity. All patients underwent cystectomy, decortication, resection, and repair of the adjacent structure. No complication, recurrence, or death occurred in the follow-up period of 15 ± 18.1 months (range, 2–52 mo).

In order to achieve complete resection and to avoid recurrence of disease from intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts, the thoracic surgeon should forgo cystotomy and capitonnage in favor of cystectomy with a wide resection and reconstruction of surrounding tissues. Postoperatively, patients should adhere to a regimen of anthelmintic therapy.

Primary intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts: analysis of 14 patients with a rare clinical entity.

Introduction Several markers have been investigated to predict the prognosis of lung cancer. In the present study, the prognostic values of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), E-cadherin, and p120 catenin expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry in patients with a surgically resected non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Patients and method EGFR, VEGF, E-cadherin, and p120 catenin expression were prospectively determined in resected specimens from patients with NSCLC who had undergone surgery between 2003 and 2007. Patients’ and disease-related general characteristics and survival rate were recorded. Results One hundred seventeen patients with a mean age of 61.3 years were included in the study. After a mean follow-up of 27.5 months, the median survival was determined to be 44.0 months and the 5-year survival was 46.2%. The 5-year survival in negative and positive staining groups were as follows; 32% and 66.7% for EGFR (P=.02), 37.8%, and 50.7% for VEGF (P=.5), 41% and 66% for E-cadherin (P=.19), and 46% and 50% for p120 catenin (P=.27). The differentiation, N status, stage, and EGFR staining were variables significantly affecting survival (P=.001, .006, .03, and .02, respectively). In multivariate Cox analysis, the EGFR staining level and N status were variables those significantly affecting survival (P=.021 and P=.010). Conclusions While negative staining of EGFR was related with poor survival, staining of VEGF, E-cadherin, and p120 catenin were not related with survival in patients with resected NSCLC.

Prognostic Value of Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, E-Cadherin, and p120 Catenin in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Introduction: Several markers have been investigated to predict the prognosis of lung cancer. In the present study, the prognostic values of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), E-cadherin, and p120 catenin expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry in patients with a surgically resected non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Patients and method: EGFR, VEGF, E-cadherin, and p120 catenin expression were prospectively determined in resected specimens from patients with NSCLC who had undergone surgery between 2003 and 2007. Patients’ and disease-related general characteristics and survival rate were recorded.

Valor pronóstico del receptor del factor de crecimiento epitelial, factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular, E-cadherina, y p120 catenina en el carcinoma de pulmón no microcítico resecado

Primer Diyafragma Kist Hidatiği

Chest wall involvement occurs in approximately 5% of all patients with newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the absence of metastatic spread, en bloc anatomic surgical resection of the involved lung and chest wall is the primary treatment for most of these patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the possible factors that could affect long-term survival after surgery in a homogenous group of patients affected by NSCLC invading the chest wall/parietal pleura (T3). NSCLC patients with chest wall/ parietal pleural invasion who underwent surgical treatment between February 1996 and De- cember 2005 were included in this study. A total of 50 male patients with a mean age of 60.9 years were included in the study. The follow-up period for these patients was 26.1 months, the median survival was 17.8 months, and the 5-year sur- vival rate was 45.1%. The survival rate was better in patients who underwent a pneumonectomy than a lobectomy, patients with no residual disease than those with residual disease, and patients with complete resection than those with incomplete resection. Operative mortality was 9.6%; 3 (25.0%) pneumonectomy and 2 lobectomy (5.6%). Survival was not affected by age, extrapleural dissection or chest wall resection, size of the tumor, tumor histology and differentiation, invasion of the chest wall or parietal pleura, N status, stage, neoadjuvant therapy, administration of adjuvant therapy, procedure of adjuvant therapy, and dimension of the chest wall. Surgical resection is an effective treatment in non-small cell lung cancer with chest wall or parietal pleural invasion (T3). The absence of concomitant diseases, pneumonectomy, and complete resection are good prognostic factors.

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Cemil Kul

Papers

Primary intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts: analysis of 14 patients with a rare clinical entity.

Prognostic Value of Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, E-Cadherin, and p120 Catenin in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Valor pronóstico del receptor del factor de crecimiento epitelial, factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular, E-cadherina, y p120 catenina en el carcinoma de pulmón no microcítico resecado

Primer Diyafragma Kist Hidatiği

Factors Affecting the Prognosis of non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Chest Wall / Parietal Pleural Invasion (T3) Following Resection