https://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/fish510/PDF/fishmeal.pdf

Global overview on the use of fish meal and fish oil in industrially compounded aquafeeds: Trends and future prospects

Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle , Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle

What is ecological speciation

Global demand for macroalgal and microalgal foods is growing, and algae are increasingly being consumed for functional benefits beyond the traditional considerations of nutrition and health. There is substantial evidence for the health benefits of algal-derived food products, but there remain considerable challenges in quantifying these benefits, as well as possible adverse effects. First, there is a limited understanding of nutritional composition across algal species, geographical regions, and seasons, all of which can substantially affect their dietary value. The second issue is quantifying which fractions of algal foods are bioavailable to humans, and which factors influence how food constituents are released, ranging from food preparation through genetic differentiation in the gut microbiome. Third is understanding how algal nutritional and functional constituents interact in human metabolism. Superimposed considerations are the effects of harvesting, storage, and food processing techniques that can dramatically influence the potential nutritive value of algal-derived foods. We highlight this rapidly advancing area of algal science with a particular focus on the key research required to assess better the health benefits of an alga or algal product. There are rich opportunities for phycologists in this emerging field, requiring exciting new experimental and collaborative approaches.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10811-016-0974-5.pdf

Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding

Integrated aquaculture: rationale, evolution and state of the art emphasizing seaweed biofiltration in modern mariculture

Exploratory evaluation of the effects of Kelpak® seaweed extract on cultivated kelp Saccharina spp. exposed to sublethal and lethal temperatures

Optimal stocking density of the marine red alga Agarophyton vermiculophyllum was determined to maximize the productivity and nitrogen removal in biofloc effluent. Agarophyton vermiculophyllum was cultured at 0.2, 2, 4 and 8 g L−1 (FW) stocking densities, 160 ± 10 μmol photons m−2 s−1 and 12:12 L:D photoperiod for 20 days. Agarophyton vermiculophyllum was cultured in effluent from a juvenile Paralichthys biofloc tank culture system and von Stosch–enriched (VSE) medium at 20 °C. The total nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of VSE medium was adjusted to the biofloc level, 1000 μmol L−1 and 33 μmol L−1, respectively. Specific growth rate was significantly higher at 0.2, 2, 4 and 8 g L−1 in both media. However, the productivity was significantly higher at 8 than 0.2 g L−1 in both media. Tissue carbon contents were not significantly influenced by the medium at 8 g L−1 (34.9% in VSE and 34.0% in biofloc). However, tissue nitrogen content was significantly higher at VSE medium than at biofloc medium at 8 g L−1 (3.7% in VSE and 3.4% in biofloc). The carbon removal rate was highest at the highest stocking density, 1.98 mgC g−1 DW day−1 (VSE) and 1.89 mgC g−1 DW day−1 (biofloc), respectively. Also, the nitrogen removal rate was highest at the highest stocking density, 0.21 mgN g−1 DW day−1 (VSE) and 0.19 mgN g−1 DW day−1 (biofloc), respectively. The nutrient removal was not significantly influenced by medium at 4 and 8 g L−1. These results show that A. vermiculophyllum can grow and have the potential to remove nutrients in the biofloc medium at high nitrogen concentrations.

Effects of stocking density on the productivity and nutrient removal of Agarophyton vermiculophyllum in Paralichthys olivaceus biofloc effluent

Seaweed aquaculture—From historic trends to current innovation

The physical stresses associated with emersion have long been considered major factors determining the vertical zonation of intertidal seaweeds. We examined Porphyra umbilicalis (Linnaeus) Kutzing thalli from the vertical extremes in elevation of an intertidal population (i.e. upper and lower intertidal zones) to determine whether Porphyra thalli acclimate to different vertical elevations on the shore with different patterns of nitrate uptake and nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities in response to different degrees of emersion stress. We found that the nitrate uptake and NR recovery in the emersed tissues took longer in lower intertidal sub-population than in upper intertidal sub-population; and GS activity was also significantly affected by emersion and, interestingly, such an activity was enhanced by emersion of thalli from both upper and lower intertidal zones. These results suggested that intra-population variability in post-emersion recovery of physiological functions such as nutrient uptake and NR activity enables local adaptation and contributes to the wide vertical distribution of P. umbilicalis. The high GS activity during periodic emersion stress may be a protective mechanism enabling P. umbilicalis to assimilate nitrogen quickly when it again becomes available, and may also be an evidence of photorespiration during emersion.

Charles Yarish

Papers

Exploratory evaluation of the effects of Kelpak® seaweed extract on cultivated kelp Saccharina spp. exposed to sublethal and lethal temperatures

Effects of stocking density on the productivity and nutrient removal of Agarophyton vermiculophyllum in Paralichthys olivaceus biofloc effluent

Seaweed aquaculture—From historic trends to current innovation

Metabolic plasticity of nitrogen assimilation by Porphyra umbilicalis (Linnaeus) Kützing

Concise review of the genus Neopyropia (Rhodophyta: Bangiales)