Hydrothermal processing, a thermochemical approach, is an excellent method of converting energy-rich biomass into useful products. This approach offers the advantage of handling biomass with relatively high moisture content by precluding an energy-intensive pretreatment step. Hydrothermal processing is of world-wide interest in view of depleting fossil-fuel reserves and increased environmental greenhouse gas emissions. There is potential to develop this novel technology at demonstration scale. This paper reviews the three hydrothermal technologies, namely hydrothermal liquefaction, gasification and carbonization, to provide insight into the likelihood of commercialization. The study discusses the role of different process parameters that have key impacts on the quality and yield of the desired products. This study also identifies the gaps in the literature including the need to establish a baseline to develop key process models and to perform a techno-economic assessment to get a better sense of the viability of the technology in future.

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A review on the current status of various hydrothermal technologies on biomass feedstock

Lignin valorization for the production of renewable chemicals: State-of-the-art review and future prospects.

Ball milling as a mechanochemical technology for fabrication of novel biochar nanomaterials.

Bio-based fertilizers: A practical approach towards circular economy.

A critical review on biochar for enhancing biogas production from anaerobic digestion of food waste and sludge

Hydrothermal liquefaction of agricultural and forestry wastes: state-of-the-art review and future prospects

Effect of glycerol as co-solvent on yields of bio-oil from rice straw through hydrothermal liquefaction

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has been well studied for the bio-oil production from biomass However, a large amount of wastewater with high organic content is also produced during the HTL process Therefore, the present study investigated the methane potentials of hydrothermal liquefaction wastewater (HTLWW) obtained from HTL of rice straw at different temperatures (170–320 °C) and residence times (05–4 h) The characteristics (eg, total organic content, organic species, molecular size distribution, etc) of the HTLWW were studied, and at the same time, microbial community compositions involved in AD of HTLWW were analyzed The highest methane yield of 314 mL CH4/g COD was obtained from the sample 200 °C–05 h (HTL temperature at 200 °C for 05 h), while the lowest methane yield 217 mL CH4/g COD was obtained from the sample 320 °C–05 h These results were consistent with the higher amounts of hard biodegradable organics (furans, phenols, etc) and lower amounts of easily biodegradable organics (sugars and volatile fatty acids) present in sample 320 °C–05 h compared to sample 200 °C–05 h Size distribution analysis showed that sample 320 °C–05 h contained more organics with molecular size less than 1 kDa (795%) compared to sample 200 °C–05 h (662%) Further studies showed that hard biodegradable organics were present in the organics with molecular size higher than 1 kDa for sample 200 °C–05 h In contrast, those organics were present in both the organics with molecular size higher and less than 1 kDa for sample 320 °C–05 h Microbial community analysis showed that different microbial community compositions were established during the AD with different HTLWW samples due to the different organic compositions For instance, Petrimonas, which could degrade sugars, had higher abundance in the AD of sample 200 °C–05 h (20%) compared to sample 320 °C–05 h (7%) The higher abundance of Petrimonas was consistent with the higher content of sugars in sample 200 °C–05 h The higher Petrimonas abundance was consistent with the higher content of sugars in sample 200 °C–05 h The genus Syntrophorhabdus could degrade phenols and its enrichment in the AD of sample 320 °C–05 h might be related with the highest content of phenols in the HTLWW HTL parameters like temperature and residence time affected the biodegradability of HTLWW obtained from HTL of rice straw More hard biodegradable organics were produced with the increase of HTL temperature The microbial community compositions during the AD were also affected by the different organic compositions in HTLWW samples

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Methane potentials of wastewater generated from hydrothermal liquefaction of rice straw: focusing on the wastewater characteristics and microbial community compositions.

Water-assisted selective hydrodeoxygenation of phenol to benzene over the Ru composite catalyst in the biphasic process

There has been a growing interest in advanced technology that transforms biomass-derived feedstock into renewable chemicals. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of lignin into low-molecular-weight frag...

Cheng Zhang

Papers

Hydrothermal liquefaction of agricultural and forestry wastes: state-of-the-art review and future prospects

Effect of glycerol as co-solvent on yields of bio-oil from rice straw through hydrothermal liquefaction

Methane potentials of wastewater generated from hydrothermal liquefaction of rice straw: focusing on the wastewater characteristics and microbial community compositions.

Water-assisted selective hydrodeoxygenation of phenol to benzene over the Ru composite catalyst in the biphasic process

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignin to Aromatic Chemicals:Impact of Lignin Structure