Showing papers by "Christopher T. Lowenkamp published in 2012"
TL;DR: In this article, supervision officers were trained in core correctional skills and the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model, in conjunction with core correctional practices, and the results showed that trained probation officers demonstrated greater use of the skills taught during training and their clients had lower failure rates.
79 citations
TL;DR: This article examined the impact of structural characteristics on both treatment program quality and effectiveness of halfway house programs in Ohio and found that ecological context influences the magnitude of program treatment effects largely indirectly though its influence on program quality.
Abstract: The resurgence of support for offender rehabilitation has led to an increased emphasis on correctional program integrity. Treatment programs are now being evaluated and tailored in accordance with the principles of effective intervention, which are rooted primarily in methods of individual behavior modification through a social learning approach. The problem with this exclusive focus on the individual is that it fails to recognize the importance of certain ecological factors that have been shown to be significant predictors of recidivism. The purpose of the current research, therefore, is to examine the impact of structural characteristics on both treatment program quality and effectiveness of halfway house programs in Ohio. Our results reveal that ecological context influences the magnitude of program treatment effects largely indirectly though its influence on program quality. The implications of these findings for correctional theory and practice are discussed.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the need for a new third-generation risk/need assessment tool developed onUS federal probation clients, by examining the ability of probation officers to identify criminogenic needs.
34 citations
01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: The United States Probation system was created in 1925 by the Federal Probation Act as discussed by the authors, which gave the U.S. Courts the power to appoint federal probation officers and the authority to sentence defendants to probation instead of a prison term.
Abstract: THE UNITED STATES PROBATION system was created in 1925 by the Federal Probation Act. This Act gave the U.S. Courts the power to appoint federal probation officers and the authority to sentence defendants to probation instead of a prison term. One of the primary functions of federal probation is to supervise convicted offenders who are sentenced to a term of probation or a term of supervised release following a period of imprisonment, and offenders released early from prison on parole or mandatory release by the U.S. Parole Commission or military authorities.