Tropospheric ozone and black carbon (BC) contribute to both degraded air quality and global warming. We considered ~400 emission control measures to reduce these pollutants by using current technology and experience. We identified 14 measures targeting methane and BC emissions that reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C by 2050. This strategy avoids 0.7 to 4.7 million annual premature deaths from outdoor air pollution and increases annual crop yields by 30 to 135 million metric tons due to ozone reductions in 2030 and beyond. Benefits of methane emissions reductions are valued at $700 to $5000 per metric ton, which is well above typical marginal abatement costs (less than $250). The selected controls target different sources and influence climate on shorter time scales than those of carbon dioxide–reduction measures. Implementing both substantially reduces the risks of crossing the 2°C threshold.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/335/6065/183.full.pdf

Simultaneously Mitigating Near-Term Climate Change and Improving Human Health and Food Security

Seeking meaning: A process approach to library and information services

Over the last decade the use of the authentic cases, problems and projects as a starting point for learning has won ground in higher education. Usually, these cases refer complex, ill–defined or open ended problems and often require multidisciplinary approaches. Students start with analysis of the cases, which involves gathering information, constructing and testing possible solutions. In short they supposedly develop competencies needed to deal with problems and issues that arise in a professional academic practice. This approach to learning may contrast with the common practice which has students working individually, grasping the knowledge from their teachers and text books using artificial problems (Berge and others, 2005).

Authentic Learning Environments in Higher Education

We comprehensively analyse the long-run effect of foreign aid (ODA) on key macroeconomic variables in 36 sub-Saharan African countries from the mid-1960s to 2007, using a well-specified cointegrated VAR model as statistical benchmark. Results provide broad support for a positive long-run impact of ODA flows on the macroeconomy. In contrast, we find little evidence supporting the thesis that aid has been harmful. From a methodological point of view we highlight the importance of transparency in reporting results, especially when the hypothesis being tested differs from theoretical expectations, and we identify reasons for econometrically inadequate results in the literature.

http://faculty.smu.edu/millimet/classes/eco6375/papers/juselius%20et%20al%202013.pdf

The Long‐Run Impact of Foreign Aid in 36 African Countries: Insights from Multivariate Time Series Analysis*

As information literacy continues in its centrality to many academic libraries’ missions, a line of inquiry has developed in response to ACRL’s charge to develop information literate citizens. The literature of critical information literacy questions widely held assumptions about information literacy and considers in what ways librarians may encourage students to engage with and act upon information’s complex and inherently political nature. This review explores the research into critical information literacy, including critical pedagogy and critiques of information literacy, in order to provide an entry point for this emerging and challenging approach to information literacy.

/pdf/a-decade-of-critical-information-literacy-a-review-of-the-1kd89trx54.pdf

A Decade of Critical Information Literacy: A Review of the Literature.

This study was conducted to investigate levels of familiarity that librarians have with critical theory, to determine the extent to which it informs professional practices, and to examine how the social justice issues related to critical theory inform the practices of librarians who are unfamiliar with it. A survey found that librarians were versed not only in the critical theory of the Frankfurt School, but also in poststructuralism, feminism, queer theory, critical race theory, and postcolonialism. Many librarians, lacking familiarity with critical theory, were also shown to be concerned with social justice and these issues significantly affect these librarians’ professional practices. Based on these results, the authors propose the plausibility of incorporating more critical theory into library and information science programs.

/pdf/librarians-views-on-critical-theories-and-critical-practices-3v4fcbakaj.pdf

Librarians’ Views on Critical Theories and Critical Practices

Purpose – The purpose and the importance of information literacy initiatives continue to gain recognition outside the walls of libraries. The success of these initiatives depends largely on their integration into institutional curricula. Librarian outreach to faculty and academic departments is instrumental for successful integration. Student services divisions, however, are often overlooked as areas in need of librarian outreach and information literacy instruction. This paper will show how innovative outreach activities have helped to forge a partnership between the University at Buffalo Libraries and the University's Career Services Office.Design/methodology/approach – A review of the literature reveals how instruction librarians have employed outreach activities to integrate information literacy into the curricula of biology, business, chemistry, psychology, and many other academic disciplines. Examples of integrating information literacy into academic programs are also in evidence.Findings – The afor...

Bringing information literacy to career services

Librarians teach. It might not be what they planned to do when they entered the profession, or it may have been a secret hope all along. Either way, librarians teach, and one teaching scenario remains quintessential: the one-shot library instruction session. In recognition of the centrality of the “one-shot,” this article shares several authors' “notes from the field." The notes provide a range of strategies for developing pedagogically sound one-shot library instruction sessions, grouped loosely into three categories: planning, delivery, and integration. The authors offer these insights in their own words in hopes that other teaching librarians may benefit from their experiences.

/pdf/notes-from-the-field-10-short-lessons-on-one-shot-4kb3bzewo6.pdf

Christopher V. Hollister

Papers

Librarians’ Views on Critical Theories and Critical Practices

Bringing information literacy to career services

Notes from the Field: 10 Short Lessons on One-Shot Instruction

Best Practices for Credit-Bearing Information Literacy Courses

An Exploratory Study on Post-tenure Research Productivity Among Academic Librarians