Showing papers by "Claes-Göran Granqvist published in 1993"
TL;DR: In this article, the optical and electrical properties of thin films that are useful as transparent electrodes in electrochromic devices are discussed, and the properties of certain heavily doped widebandgap semiconductor oxides (especially In2O3:Sn) and of metal films are discussed.
Abstract: This paper reviews the optical and electrical performance of thin films that are useful as transparent electrodes in electrochromic devices. The properties of certain heavily doped wide-bandgap semiconductor oxides (especially In2O3:Sn) and of certain coinage metal films are discussed.
309 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the coordination of the ions leads to schematic electronic band structures that are able to explain the presence or absence of cathodic and anodic electrochromism.
Abstract: Crystals of all the well known electrochromic metal (Me) oxides are composed of MeO6 octahedra in various corner-sharing and edge-sharing arrangements. Cluster-type and columnar microstructures, based on the MeO6 units, exist in electrochromic films. The coordination of the ions leads to schematic electronic band structures that, at least for the (defect) perovskite and rutile lattices, are able to explain the presence or absence of cathodic and anodic electrochromism. Small polaron absorption prevails in disordered oxides, while crystalline tungsten oxide can show free-electron effects.
100 citations
TL;DR: CeO(x)F(y) films were made by reactive rf magnetron sputtering of Ce in Ar + O(2) + CF(4) and could serve as intercalation hosts for Li(+) ions.
Abstract: CeO(x)F(y) films were made by reactive rf magnetron sputtering of Ce in Ar + O(2) + CF(4). Stoichiometries between CeO(2) and CeO(1.0)F(1.3) were obtained when the CF(4) content lay between 0% and 9%. For wavelengths λ of > 0.4 µm, the films were almost nonabsorbing, and the refractive index at λ = 0.55 µm went from 2.32 for CeO(2) to 1.62 at 9% CF4(4). At λ < 0.4 µm and <4% CF(4), the optical properties were consistent with an indirect band gap at 3.1-3.2 eV. CeO(2) films could serve as intercalation hosts for Li(+) ions.
52 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the state of the art for optical coatings for glazings is reviewed and a view to some developments that will be feasible in the near future is given.
Abstract: This paper reviews the state of the art for optical coatings for glazings and gives a view to some developments that will be feasible in the near future. Emphasis is put on coatings for energy efficiency and solar energy applications, and key concepts such as spectral and angular selectivity, large-area chromogenics, and smart windows are introduced and discussed. Recent advances in electrochromic coatings are covered in some depth
1 citations