From a world history perspective, the most noticeable trend in the history of the late 19th century was the domination of Europeans over Non­Europeans. This domination took many forms ranging from economic penetration to outright annexation. No area of the globe, however remote from Europe, was free of European merchants, adventurers, explorers or western missionaries. Was colonialism good for either the imperialist or the peoples of the globe who found themselves subjects of one empire or another? A few decades ago, the answer would have been a resounding no. Now, in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the more or less widespread discrediting of Marxist and Leninist analysis, and the end of the Cold War, political scientists and historians seem willing to take a more positive look at Nineteenth Century Imperialism. One noted current historian, Niall Ferguson has argued that the British Empire probably accomplished more positive good for the world than the last generation of historians, poisoned by Marxism, could or would concede. Ferguson has argued that the British Empire was a \" liberal \" empire that upheld international law, kept the seas open and free, and ultimately benefited everyone by ensuring the free flow of trade. In other words, Ferguson would find little reason to contradict the young Winston Churchill's assertion that the aim of British imperialism was to: give peace to warring tribes, to administer justice where all was violence, to strike the chains off the slave, to draw the richness from the soil, to place the earliest seeds of commerce and learning, to increase in whole peoples their capacities for pleasure and diminish their chances of pain. It should come as no surprise that Ferguson regards the United States current position in the world as the natural successor to the British Empire and that the greatest danger the U.S. represents is that the world will not get enough American Imperialism because U.S. leaders often have short attention spans and tend to pull back troops when intervention becomes unpopular. It will be very interesting to check back into the debate on Imperialism about ten years from now and see how Niall Ferguson's point of view has fared! The other great school of thought about Imperialism is, of course, Marxist. For example, Marxist historians like E.J. Hobsbawm argue that if we look at the l9th century as a great competition for the world's wealth and …

The New Imperialism

In less than two years, the concept of overtourism has come to prominence as one of the most discussed issues with regards to tourism in popular media and, increasingly, academia. In spite of its popularity, the term is still not clearly delineated and remains open to multiple interpretations. The current paper aims to provide more clarity with regard to what overtourism entails by placing the concept in a historical context and presenting results from a qualitative investigation among 80 stakeholders in 13 European cities. Results highlight that overtourism describes an issue that is multidimensional and complex. Not only are the issues caused by tourism and nontourism stakeholders, but they should also be viewed in the context of wider societal and city developments. The article concludes by arguing that while the debate on overtourism has drawn attention again to the old problem of managing negative tourism impacts, it is not well conceptualized. Seven overtourism myths are identified that may inhibit a well-rounded understanding of the concept. To further a contextualized understanding of overtourism, the paper calls for researchers from other disciplines to engage with the topic to come to new insights.

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Is Overtourism Overused? Understanding the Impact of Tourism in a City Context

This Regional Spotlight considers the issue of over-tourism and the (ecological) survival of Venice as a destination. In Venice, ecology, economics and culture are inextricably linked to the conflict between human and natural capital. The attempts to neatly arrange the challenges in sustaining the city, convenient categorical interest groups and occasional hostility in implementing policies call for an ambidextrous management approach (exploitation and exploration) instead of the Trexit approach suggested by the anti-tourism movements.

/pdf/over-tourism-and-the-fall-of-venice-as-a-destination-3tecdc5ozl.pdf

Over-tourism and the fall of Venice as a destination

The COVID-19 pandemic has halted mobility globally on an unprecedented scale, causing the neoliberal market mechanisms of global tourism to be severely disrupted. In turn, this situation is leading...

The COVID-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable global tourism path

Concerns with growth have steadily advanced since the Limits to Growth report due particularly to human impacts on the natural environment. Since that time, neoliberal capitalism has become increas...

https://myresearchspace.uws.ac.uk/ws/files/11293102/2019_03_20_Carnicelli_et_al_Tourism.pdf

Degrowing tourism: rethinking tourism

Over the past four decades, while the increasing demand for mobility, leisure and unique experiences have been examined as key factors in the growth of tourism, the attendant growth paradigm has hi...

Overtourism and Tourismphobia: A Journey Through Four Decades of Tourism Development, Planning and Local Concerns

Overtourism is a contemporary phenomenon, rapidly evolving and underlined by what is evidently excessive visitation to tourist destinations. This is obvious in the seemingly uncontrolled and unplan...

https://cris.brighton.ac.uk/ws/files/6819797/Overtourism_and_tourism_degrowth.pdf

Overtourism and degrowth: a social movements perspective

Global tourism growth is unprecedented. Consequently, this has elevated the sector as a key plank for economic development, and its utility is deeply embedded in political, economic and social-ecol...

/pdf/tourism-and-community-resilience-in-the-anthropocene-157v3i5kgl.pdf

Tourism and community resilience in the Anthropocene: accentuating temporal overtourism

The paper shares some reflections of the debates emerging from the political propaganda, social movements and neighborhood associations complains. The paper takes into account the impact that overtourism and tourismphobia have had on the media agendas. It is a reflection based on the hypothesis that these are neither a new nor recent phenomena. Beyond that, the research will focus on some elements that have awakened social unrest and have triggered the amplifying effect of these debates. Finally, the paper analyzes some strategies referred to as the 5D (deseasonalization, decongestion, decentralization, diversification, deluxe tourism), which are being promoted as propositions to analyzed the problem. These reflections emerge from ethnographic and quantitative research conducted in the city of Barcelona.

/pdf/overtourism-malestar-social-y-turismofobia-un-debate-2cvqq3370x.pdf

Overtourism, malestar social y turismofobia. Un debate controvertido

This study addresses the complex phenomenon of overtourism in the EU. By focusing on a set of case studies, the study reports on overtourism indicators, discusses management approaches implemented within different destinations and assesses policy responses. It concludes that a common set of indicators cannot be defined because of the complex causes and effects of overtourism. Avoiding overtourism requires custom-made policies in cooperation between destinations' stakeholders and policymakers

/pdf/research-for-tran-committee-overtourism-impact-and-possible-3dbbqspuap.pdf

Claudio Milano

Papers

Overtourism and Tourismphobia: A Journey Through Four Decades of Tourism Development, Planning and Local Concerns

Overtourism and degrowth: a social movements perspective

Tourism and community resilience in the Anthropocene: accentuating temporal overtourism

Overtourism, malestar social y turismofobia. Un debate controvertido

Research for TRAN Committee - Overtourism: impact and possible policy responses