Showing papers by "Conny Bakker published in 2021"
TL;DR: The resulting set of nine key competencies is the first internationally verified, coherent set of key circular economy competencies for design and will strengthen the pedagogical base of design for a circular economy and will guide the development of circular design methodology.
Abstract: In a recent study, we identified seven key circular competencies for design: (1) Design for Multiple Use Cycles, (2) Design for Recovery, (3) Circular Impact Assessment, (4) Circular Business Models, (5) Circular User Engagement, (6) Circular Economy Collaboration, and (7) Circular Economy Communication. These were derived from small‐scale studies with designers working in the Netherlands. We set out to assess to what extent this set of seven competencies is recognized by an international group of designers and to evaluate whether any competencies are missing. We used an online survey to collect data from 128 respondents from 25 countries working on circular economy projects. The survey results showed that respondents use and have expertise in all seven competencies and they stressed the practical importance of two new competencies: Circular Systems Thinking and Circular Materials and Manufacturing. The resulting set of nine key competencies is the first internationally verified, coherent set of key circular economy competencies for design. This set will strengthen the pedagogical base of design for a circular economy and will guide the development of circular design methodology.
32 citations
TL;DR: There is a lack of empirical validation and critical evaluation of many of the widely-held assumptions about design and business model innovation for product lifetime extension, taking into account rebound effects in the circular economy.
17 citations
TL;DR: The development of a method to visually map the disassembly of a product, showing different routes towards target components based on the ease of Disassembly Metric (eDiM) and the Maynard Operation Sequence Technique (MOST).
16 citations
01 Apr 2021
TL;DR: It is found that access to technical knowledge is not a barrier, whereas integrating this knowledge into the existing design process is, and embedding Design for Remanufacturing into existing processes by means of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and roadmaps is recommended.
Abstract: Adopting design approaches that allow products to last multiple use-cycles supports European Commission objectives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reduce primary material impacts. Remanufacturing is an example of an appropriate circular strategy and it can be applied in a variety of industries that are intensive materials users. However, most companies have not yet adopted design strategies facilitating remanufacturing at scale. In this paper, we explored how design management can facilitate the implementation of Design for Remanufacturing, based on a literature review and in-depth interviews. Seven companies active in business-to-business markets were interviewed about the design-related opportunities and barriers they see for remanufacturing. We found that access to technical knowledge is not a barrier, whereas integrating this knowledge into the existing design process is. We conclude that design management can contribute to the uptake of Design for Remanufacturing for the following reasons: by making the value of Design for Remanufacturing to the company at large explicit, by building bridges between internal and external stakeholders, and by embedding Design for Remanufacturing into existing processes by means of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and roadmaps.
15 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the way a product is designed and constructed has a significant influence on the success of the fault diagnosis, and a set of design guidelines are proposed to facilitate the process of fault diagnosis in consumer products.
4 citations
01 Jan 2021
2 citations
TL;DR: A conceptual model is presented that identifies the tangible impacts of co-creation and visualizes at what stages and levels co- creation can impact both the development of product-service systems and a company’s shift along the servitization continuum.
Abstract: Designers play an important role in service transformation and the development of product-service systems by applying co-creation methods. This paper presents a case of how we applied co-creation i...
1 citations
01 Aug 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a case study on the transition to an online education format for a circular design course, which revealed that students preferred the on-campus versions over the online course components and indicated the perceived lack of motivation, lack of sense of community, and a high workload as influencing factors.
Abstract: The Covid-19 outbreak forced many universities across the world to transition from a traditional or blended format to fully online education. This paper presents a case study on the transition to an online education format for a circular design course. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through a survey with 26 students and interviews with six course teachers. The findings revealed that students preferred the on-campus versions over the online course components. They indicated the perceived lack of motivation, lack of sense of community, and a high workload as influencing factors. Teachers indicated the lack of connection with students as a drawback to online education but identified advantages to their teaching and the student’s learning experience. Suggestions for addressing an optimal blended course format are provided. © ICED 2021.All right reserved.