The number of cancer survivors continues to increase because of both advances in early detection and treatment and the aging and growth of the population. For the public health community to better serve these survivors, the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute collaborate to estimate the number of current and future cancer survivors using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries. In addition, current treatment patterns for the most prevalent cancer types are presented based on information in the National Cancer Data Base and treatment-related side effects are briefly described. More than 15.5 million Americans with a history of cancer were alive on January 1, 2016, and this number is projected to reach more than 20 million by January 1, 2026. The 3 most prevalent cancers are prostate (3,306,760), colon and rectum (724,690), and melanoma (614,460) among males and breast (3,560,570), uterine corpus (757,190), and colon and rectum (727,350) among females. More than one-half (56%) of survivors were diagnosed within the past 10 years, and almost one-half (47%) are aged 70 years or older. People with a history of cancer have unique medical and psychosocial needs that require proactive assessment and management by primary care providers. Although there are a growing number of tools that can assist patients, caregivers, and clinicians in navigating the various phases of cancer survivorship, further evidence-based resources are needed to optimize care. CA Cancer J Clin 2016;66:271-289. © 2016 American Cancer Society.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.3322/caac.21349

Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2016.

Secret History: Return of the Black Death Channel 4, 7-8pm In 1348 the Black Death swept through London, killing people within days of the appearance of their first symptoms. Exactly how many died, and why, has long been a mystery. This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale. And they ask, what might be coming next?

Medscape

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovas...

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.

Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity

Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems

Birthplace, as a proxy for environmental exposures (e.g., diet), may influence metabolomic profiles and influence risk of cancer. This secondary analysis investigated metabolomic profile differences between foreign and U.S.-born Mexican-origin (MO) Hispanic men to shed light on potential mechanisms through which foreign- and U.S.-born individuals experience differences in cancer risk and risk factors. Plasma samples from MO Hispanic men (N = 42) who participated in a previous lifestyle intervention were collected pre-and post-intervention. Metabolomic profiles were characterized from samples using ultra performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF). Models were visualized using supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures–discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Progenesis QI was used for peak integration and metabolite identification. Plasma metabolomic profiles differed between foreign- and U.S.-born pre-intervention (R2 = .65) and post-intervention (R2 = .62). Metabolomic profiles differed pre- versus post-intervention (R2 = .35 and R2 = .65) for the foreign- and U.S.-born group, respectively. Both endogenous metabolites and dietary components characterized differences between foreign- and U.S.-born participants pre- and post-intervention. Plasma metabolomic profiles from MO Hispanic men differed by birthplace. These results advance our understanding of relevant exposures that may affect cancer risk among MO Hispanic men born abroad or in the United States.

https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883231153018

Differences in Metabolomic Profiles by Birthplace in Mexican-Origin Hispanic Men Who Participated in a Weight Loss Lifestyle Intervention

Much of the nutritional epidemiology evaluating the role of diet and cancer risk has historically focused on solid foods, and only a paucity of the literature has considered beverage consumption. Patterns of beverage consumption vary widely throughout the world. Whereas water is the primary beverage consumed, intake of tea and coffee is also common, and sweetened beverage intake has increased considerably in recent decades, especially in the United States and Europe (1). These beverages can, in some individuals or populations, contribute notably to total energy intake. Coffee and tea are commonly adulterated with high-fat creamer or milk and sweeteners; sweetened beverages provide approximately 13 kcal/oz and provide little to no nutritional value. In this issue of the Journal, Zhang et al. (2) evaluate the role of coffee, tea, and sweetened beverage intake and risk for colon cancer using a pooled analysis that includes data collected from 13 prospective cohort studies. The pooled analyses showed a null association for coffee intake and risk of colon cancer, consistent with the larger body of evidence available to date (3); however, a modest increase in risk of colon cancer was shown for tea consumption. Intake of sweetened beverages was not associated with risk of colon cancer. Of note, the authors did not evaluate intake of juices, which are energy-containing nutrient-rich beverages. The null results for sweetened beverage intake and colorectal cancer from the pooled analysis (2) contribute valuable information, given the paucity of literature in this area. These results are particularly important, given the substantial increase in sweetened beverage consumption that has occurred over the past 50 years worldwide (4,5). Intake of these beverages, and more specifically, the fructose content, has been suggested to contribute to greater caloric intake (6) and body weight (7), risk indicators for metabolic syndrome (8,9), and possibly overall reduced nutrient density of the diet (10). Importantly, these factors also have been associated with risk of colon cancer and mortality (11–16). The findings in the study by Zhang et al. (2) may be partially explained by the fact that the studies in the pooled analyses are capturing an exposure that is relatively recent. Contrary to coffee and tea consumption, intake of sweetened beverages begins in childhood in many countries (17). Furthermore, sweetened beverage consumption is generally much lower among older adults (4). These differences in exposure suggest that intake of sweetened beverages may need to be assessed earlier in life to adequately assess its association with health outcomes. Thus, any deleterious effect related to the association between colorectal cancer and consumption of sweetened beverages might not immediately manifest itself if a long induction period is needed, as is the case for the inverse associations demonstrated for aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (18) or multivitamin use (19); for these exposures, the association is only evident a decade or more following exposure. The pooled analysis by Zhang et al. (2) showed that tea intake of greater than 32 oz/day was associated with a statistically signifi cant, yet modest, increased risk for colon cancer as compared with no consumption. Whether this association is real or not is unknown. Importantly, the pooled analysis did not include populations from Asia, where tea intake contributes a very different exposure than for the United States and European populations, because of higher consumption and generally a lifelong daily intake of green tea. The most plausible explanation for the positive association between tea consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in the pooled analyses probably relates to chance or bias. Given the weak relative risk observed, the association is likely a spurious finding because of confounding, where tea consumption may be associated with deleterious behaviors, such as greater intake of high-caloric baked goods or pastries; accompaniments to tea consumption were not available for evaluation. Furthermore, given that only 2% of the overall pooled population reported tea intake at the highest

https://www.medpagetoday.com/upload/2010/5/7/djq158v1.pdf

Coffee, t ea, What Beverage for Me? a ssociations Between Beverage i ntake and Colorectal Neoplasia r isk

To examine how sleep quality and sleep duration affect caloric intake among those experiencing involuntary job loss. MethodsAdequate sleep and self reported dietary recall data from the Assessing Daily Activity Patterns through Occupational Transitions (ADAPT) study was analysed. Primary sleep indices used were total sleep time, time spent in bed after final awakening, and sleep quality as measured by the Daily Sleep Diary (DSD). Mean Energy consumption (MEC) was the primary nutritional index. Secondary indices included diet quality using the Health Eating Index 2015 (HEI), and self-reported intake of protein, carbohydrates and fats. ResultsThe study participants were comprised mainly of women (61%) and non-Hispanic white. The participants had at least 2 years of college education and mean body mass index of 30.2{+/-}8.08 (kg/m 2). The average time in bed was 541.8{+/-}77.55 minutes and total sleep time was 461.1{+/-}56.49 minutes. Mean sleep efficiency was 91{+/-}6%, self-reported sleep quality was 2.40{+/-}0.57 (0-4 scale, 4 = very good), and minutes earlier than planned morning awakening were 14.36{+/-}24.15. Mean HEI score was 47.41{+/-}10.92. Although the MEC was below national average for both men and women, male sex was associated with higher MEC. In a fully adjusted model sleep quality was positively associated with MEC. ConclusionDaily overall assessments of sleep quality among recently unemployed persons were positively associated with mean energy consumption. Additionally, the diet quality of unemployed persons was found to unhealthier than the average American and consistent with the relationship between poor socioeconomic status and lower diet quality.

/pdf/impact-of-recent-job-loss-on-sleep-energy-consumption-and-1i232am1dc.pdf

Impact of Recent Job Loss on Sleep, Energy Consumption and Diet

This study prospectively examined change in waist circumference (WC) as a function of daily social rhythms and sleep in the aftermath of involuntary job loss. It was hypothesized that disrupted social rhythms and fragmented/short sleep after job loss would independently predict gains in WC over 18 months and that resiliency to WC gain would be conferred by the converse.

The impact of social rhythm and sleep disruptions on waist circumference after job loss: A prospective 18‐month study

Each June, the Journal pauses to extend deep appreciation to those members of the Board of Editors (BOE) who have completed their terms of office and to welcome new members who have accepted the invitation to serve in this capacity. The Journal is most grateful to the following individuals for their outstanding editing efforts, their nutrition expertise, and their tireless contributions towards helping the Journal achieve its quest for excellence.

Cynthia A. Thomson

Papers

Differences in Metabolomic Profiles by Birthplace in Mexican-Origin Hispanic Men Who Participated in a Weight Loss Lifestyle Intervention

Coffee, t ea, What Beverage for Me? a ssociations Between Beverage i ntake and Colorectal Neoplasia r isk

Impact of Recent Job Loss on Sleep, Energy Consumption and Diet

The impact of social rhythm and sleep disruptions on waist circumference after job loss: A prospective 18‐month study

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