The number of cancer survivors continues to increase because of both advances in early detection and treatment and the aging and growth of the population. For the public health community to better serve these survivors, the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute collaborate to estimate the number of current and future cancer survivors using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries. In addition, current treatment patterns for the most prevalent cancer types are presented based on information in the National Cancer Data Base and treatment-related side effects are briefly described. More than 15.5 million Americans with a history of cancer were alive on January 1, 2016, and this number is projected to reach more than 20 million by January 1, 2026. The 3 most prevalent cancers are prostate (3,306,760), colon and rectum (724,690), and melanoma (614,460) among males and breast (3,560,570), uterine corpus (757,190), and colon and rectum (727,350) among females. More than one-half (56%) of survivors were diagnosed within the past 10 years, and almost one-half (47%) are aged 70 years or older. People with a history of cancer have unique medical and psychosocial needs that require proactive assessment and management by primary care providers. Although there are a growing number of tools that can assist patients, caregivers, and clinicians in navigating the various phases of cancer survivorship, further evidence-based resources are needed to optimize care. CA Cancer J Clin 2016;66:271-289. © 2016 American Cancer Society.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.3322/caac.21349

Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2016.

Secret History: Return of the Black Death Channel 4, 7-8pm In 1348 the Black Death swept through London, killing people within days of the appearance of their first symptoms. Exactly how many died, and why, has long been a mystery. This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale. And they ask, what might be coming next?

Medscape

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovas...

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.

Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity

Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems

Breast cancer patients generally demonstrate a gain in body fat mass accompanied by loss of lean mass (i.e. muscle) during cancer therapy (Demark‐Wahnefried et al, J. Clin Oncol, 2001). These changes may lead to adverse metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in metabolic, inflammatory, and growth factor biomarkers among breast cancer survivors following 8 weeks of supervised resistance training combined with self‐reported cardiovascular training. No diet or weight loss component was included in the intervention. Twenty‐seven breast cancer survivors (78.3% Caucasian, mean age 56.5 ± 8.1 yrs, mean BMI 29.8 ± 4.4kg/m 2 ) who were on average 5 years post‐cancer treatment were recruited to participate in a prospective behavioral intervention trial to test the hypothesis that weight bearing activity including stretching, resistance, balance, and aerobic training would improve select metabolic and inflammatory indicators over an 8 week period. Height, weight, body composition (dual X‐ray absorptiometry), fasting plasma glucose, insulin, IL‐6, CRP, IL‐1Ra, and IGF‐1 were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. IL‐6, IL‐1Ra and IGF‐1 were analyzed using high sensitivity ELISA and glucose was measured by a glucose oxidase‐peroxide reaction; insulin and CRP testing were performed by the local hospital clinical laboratory. The homeostasis model of insulin resistance was computed (HOMA‐IR) from glucose and insulin values. Eighty‐one percent of the sample completed the 8‐week intervention. Among completers (n=22) there was no significant change in body weight. Inflammatory response, as assessed using IL‐1Ra, was improved (76.75 ± 161.39, p Breast cancer survivors participating in a pilot, short‐term structured physical activity intervention targeting resistance training, in the absence of diet or weight change, demonstrated a significant improvement in the anti‐inflammatory biomarker IL‐1Ra without concomitant increases in pro‐inflammatory biomarkers, IL‐6 and CRP. Larger studies with sufficient sample size to detect statistically significant differences should be pursued; combining structured exercise with diet to support weight reduction may also be superior and should be evaluated. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):A119.

Abstract A119: Effect of weight‐bearing exercise on circulating biomarkers in breast cancer survivors

Association between weight loss response and sleep among overweight women participating in a weight loss intervention trial

Breast density (BD) has been advocated as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer. BD is typically measured from mammograms. However for longitudinal studies of patients at risk, BD can be better assessed using MRI due to the lack of ionizing radiation and the 3D capabilities of the technique. A fat-water (FW) imaging technique called RAD-GRASE was developed to acquire images of the entire breast in a few minutes and can generate fat-fraction maps, which can be used to assess BD. The time consuming manual segmentation on ~19 slices per exam can be challenging. In this paper, we present a method to automatically segment the breast tissue in FW images and yield FW profiles of the region of interest (ROIs).

Cynthia A. Thomson

Papers

Abstract A119: Effect of weight‐bearing exercise on circulating biomarkers in breast cancer survivors

Association between weight loss response and sleep among overweight women participating in a weight loss intervention trial

Automated segmentation of breast fat-water MR images using empirical analysis

Response to Grant.

Low-Fat Diet and Weight Change in Postmenopausal Women—Reply