This paper provides an insight to the feasibility of adopting hydrogen as a key energy carrier and fuel source in the near future. It is shown that hydrogen has several advantages, as well as few drawbacks in using for the above purposes. The research shows that hydrogen will be a key player in storing energy that is wasted at generation stage in large-scale power grids by off-peak diversion to dummy loads. The estimations show that by the year of 2050 there will be a hydrogen demand of over 42 million metric tons or 45 billion gallon gasoline equivalent (GGE) in the United States of America alone which can fuel up 342 million light-duty vehicles for 51 × 1011 miles (82 × 1011 km) travel per year. The production at distributed level has also been discussed. The paper also presents the levels of risk in production, storage and distribution stages and proposes possible techniques to address safety issues. It is shown that the storage in small to medium scale containers is much economical compared to doing the same at large-scale containers. The study concludes that hydrogen has a promising future to be a highly feasible energy carrier and energy source itself at consumer level.

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Hydrogen as an energy carrier: Prospects and challenges

https://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/purl/4254/Valorization%20of%20date%20palm%20(Phoenix%20dactylifera)%20fruit%20processing%20by-products%20and%20wastes%20using%20bioprocess%20technology%20%e2%80%93%20Review.pdf?sequence=1

Valorization of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit processing by-products and wastes using bioprocess technology - Review.

Biohydrogen production using sequential two-stage dark and photo fermentation processes

Biogas is a relatively mature renewable energy technology but still most commercial biogas power plants require significant financial incentives. Additionally, local shortages of very cheap digestible feedstocks limit biogas productivity, especially for larger biogas power plants (>1 MWe). Innovations that could improve cost-effectiveness and resource efficiency of biogas energy technology are therefore required. Over the last few years a number of potential process innovations for biogas technology have been proposed and investigated. However, the majority of these novel concepts has minimal or no impact on technology development. Disruptive innovations are very rare, but only they really matter for the economy. Therefore review reports that systematically compare, analyze and evaluate the suitability of these emerging methods with emphasis on technological excellence and realistic commercial potential are needed. This study presents potential process innovations from most recent patent and academic literature proposed for biogas (i) production, (ii) conditioning, (iii) utilization and (iv) industrial symbiosis. Within these four highly interdisciplinary categories the review attempts to provide short practical comments on selected methods and briefly analyzes their perspectives and constraints. Further, relevant biogas process innovation criteria are designed and multiple-criteria assessment of pre-selected potential process innovations is made. The paper concludes with the characterization of innovativeness of selected solutions and suggests future research needs for biogas energy technology that could bring new innovations in near term.

D.B. Lata

Papers

Effect of hydrogen and LPG addition on the efficiency and emissions of a dual fuel diesel engine

Analysis of ignition delay period of a dual fuel diesel engine with hydrogen and LPG as secondary fuels

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the performance of dual fuel diesel engine with hydrogen and LPG as secondary fuels

Investigations on the combustion parameters of a dual fuel diesel engine with hydrogen and LPG as secondary fuels

Effect of light on generation of hydrogen by Halobacterium halobium NCIM 2852