RIPL – Reference Input Parameter Library for Calculation of Nuclear Reactions and Nuclear Data Evaluations

The r-process of stellar nucleosynthesis: Astrophysics and nuclear physics achievements and mysteries

EMPIRE: Nuclear Reaction Model Code System for Data Evaluation

The nucleus is one of the most multifaceted many-body systems in the Universe. It exhibits a multitude of responses depending on the way one ''probes'' it. With increasing technical advancements of beams at the various accelerators and of detection systems the nucleus has, over and over again, surprised us by expressing always new ways of ''organized'' structures and layers of complexity. Nuclear magnetism is one of those fascinating faces of the atomic nucleus discussed in the present review. We shall not just limit ourselves to presenting the by now large data set that has been obtained in the past two decades using various probes, electromagnetic and hadronic alike and that presents ample evidence for a low-lying orbital scissors mode around 3 MeV, albeit fragmented over an energy interval of the order of 1.5 MeV, and higher-lying spin-flip strength in the energy region 5-9 MeV in deformed nuclei nor to the presently discovered evidence for low-lying proton-neutron isovector quadrupole excitations in spherical nuclei. To the contrary, the experimental evidence is put in the perspectives of understanding the atomic nucleus and its various structures of well-organized modes of motion and thus enlarges the discussion to more general fermion and bosonic many-body systems.

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Magnetic dipole excitations in nuclei: Elementary modes of nucleonic motion

Laser spectroscopy for nuclear structure physics

The effect of a neutron skin on the collective states of medium and heavy-mass nuclei is discussed. We consider two well-known collective modes which correspond to the motion of neutrons with respect to protons, namely, the M1 (scissors) and the isovector E1 (giant dipole) resonance. For nuclei with a sufficient excess of neutrons the behavior of the ``pygmy resonance'' is also discussed.

Effect of the neutron skin on collective states of nuclei.

A new technique of atom-photon coincidence laser spectroscopy has been developed and used to study the isotope shifts of $^{78\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}84}\mathrm{Sr}$ The results show that neither the droplet model nor existing interacting boson model calculations can adequately describe the rapid onset of nuclear deformation below N=50 The odd-even staggering of the charge radius is found to be opposite to that normally encountered, indicating the possible existence of permanent octupole distortions

Nuclear charge radii of proton-rich strontium isotopes

A new limit of the SU(3) symmetry scheme of the interacting boson-fermion model is suggested for deformed odd-mass nuclei. In this scheme, states are characterized by the intrinsic quantum number $K$, instead of the pseudo-orbital angular momentum of previous multi-$j$ symmetries of this type. An application to $^{183\ensuremath{-}187}\mathrm{W}$ is presented.

D. D. Warner

Papers

Effect of the neutron skin on collective states of nuclei.

Nuclear charge radii of proton-rich strontium isotopes

Rotational versus pseudo-L symmetries in the interacting boson-fermion-model description of deformed nuclei