The adulteration of meat products can affect the confidence of consumers and the market, leading to negative impacts on the economy. Accordingly, product authenticity has become an importan...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19476337.2019.1650832

Application of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay to detect fraud by substitution of bovine meat cuts with water buffalo meat in Northern Brazil

espanolRESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la ecotextura testicular de los toros Nelore y correlacionarlo con los parametros de espermatogenesis. Para este proposito, 41 toros de edades de 3-5 anos y con pesos corporales en el intervalo de 510,2 ± 21,61 kg fueron seleccionados para el estudio. Los toros se sometieron a ecografia, utilizando un dispositivo portatil junto con un transductor lineal a una frecuencia de 7,5 MHz. Inmediatamente despues, los animales fueron castrados, y el tejido testicular se trato con Karnovsky fijador. Los fragmentos testiculares se incluyeron en metacrilato de glicol y se tineron con una solucion de borato de sodio-azul de toluidina al 1%. La intensidad media de pixeles en el parenquima testicular se determino para secciones de superficie de 1.600 mm2. Los El area entre los dos testiculos derecho e izquierdo dieron lugar a la intensidad media de los pixeles de 105,22 ± 13,58, 107,95 ± 12,82 y 106,59 ± 11,43, respectivamente. El coeficiente de eficiencia de la mitosis espermatogonial fue 19,74; Indice meiotico fue 2,63, y el rendimiento global del espermatogenesis alcanzo el 52,0. No se observo correlacion (P>0,05) entre ecotextura testicular y cualquiera de los parametros morfometricos medidos. Estos resultados sugieren que ecotextura testicular no es un metodo viable para el analisis indirecto de la poblacion celular en el epitelio seminifero, el rendimiento de la espermatogenesis intrinseco, o el indice de celulas de Sertoli en toros Nelore. EnglishABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the testicular echotexture of Nelore bulls and to correlate it with spermatogenic parameters. Forty one bulls aged 3-5 years, with body weight of 510.2 ± 21.61 kg were selected for the study. The animals were subjected to ultrasonography, using a portable device coupled with a linear transducer at a frequency of 7.5 MHz. Immediately afterwards they were castrated and the testicular tissue was treated with Karnovsky fixative. Next, the fragments were embedded in glycol methacrylate and stained with toluidine blue-1% sodium borate solution. The average pixel intensity in the testicular parenchyma was determined for 1,600-mm2 surface sections. The right and left testicles and the area between the two testicles resulted in average pixel intensities of 105.22 ± 13.58, 107.95 ± 12.82, and 106.59 ± 11.43, respectively. The efficiency coefficient of spermatogonial mitosis was 19.74; meiotic index was 2.63, and overall yield of spermatogenesis was 52.0. No correlation (P>0.05) was observed between testicular echotexture and any of the measured morphometric parameters. These results suggest that testicular echotexture was not a viable method for the indirect analysis of cellular population in the seminiferous epithelium, intrinsic spermatogenic performance, or the Sertoli cell index in Nelore bulls.

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Testicular echotexture is not a viable method to indirectly evaluate the spermatogenic parameters in Nelore bulls

EnglishThe aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy ofmultiplex PCR in detecting the adulterationof commercially available ground beefvia addition and/orsubstitution ofground buffalo meat. Experimentally adulterated ground beefsamples were prepared in triplicate, and dilutions of DNA from Bos taurus and Bubalusbubalis were prepared to determine the detection limit of the method. Concurrently, 91 ground meatsamples sold as “ground beef” were collected from differentstores in northern Brazil andanalyzed bymultiplex PCR. Buffalo DNA was detected in 17.5% of the collected ground meat samples.Our results showed that multiplex PCR is an efficient method for detectingthe incorporation of groundbuffalo meatatpercentages ranging from 10 to 100% and the incorporation of beef at percentages ranging from0.1 to 100% intoground meat samples. Key words species identification; Bos taurus; Bubalusbubalis; DNA; adulteration portuguesO objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficacia da PCR multiplex na deteccao da adulteracao por adicao e/ou substituicao de carne bubalina em carne moida bovina, comercialmente disponivel. A fim de determinar o limite de deteccao da tecnica, carnes moidas bovinas fraudadas intencionalmente foram fabricadas em triplicata e, adicionalmente, concentracoes conhecidas de DNA das especies Bostaurus e Bubalusbubalis foram diluidos. Ao mesmo tempo, 91 amostras de carne moida comercializadas como sendo de origem bovina foram coletadas em diferentes comercios na regiao Norte do Brasil e a PCR multiplex proposta foi realizada. Os resultados demonstraram que o DNA bubalino foi detectado em 17,5% das amostras de carne moida coletadas. Concluiu-se que a PCR multiplex e uma tecnica eficaz, capaz de detectar a incorporacao de carne moida bubalina em percentagens que variaram de 10 a 100%, e a incorporacao de carne bovina em percentagens que variaram de 0,1 a 100% em amostras de carne moida. Palavras-chave: identificacao de especies; Bos taurus; Bubalus bubalis; DNA; adulteracao

/pdf/brazilian-ground-beef-authentication-by-multiplex-polymerase-1awegrfsti.pdf

Brazilian ground beef authentication by multiplex polymerase chain reaction

This study aimed to perform a comparative validation of the efficiency of quantitative SYBR Green qPCR and simplex PCR identification of Salmonella spp DNA For this, the samples of DNA from the Salmonella typhimurium were diluted up to 10-5 in duplicate The results showed that the same primers were effective for both simplex PCR and qPCR It was possible to detect the bovine species up to a dilution of 10-1 using simplex PCR For all dilutions, it was possible to obtain qPCR amplification with a minimum Ct value of 1513 for the 10-1 dilution for Salmonella spp Next, the SYBR Green qPCR amplicons were separated using agarose gel electrophoresis for confirmation of the amplified fragment size The superiority of qPCR over multiplex PCR was validated in terms of sensitivity, even with the use of SYBR Green dye, suggesting the possible use for quality control in foodstuffs

https://www.longdom.org/open-access/validating-the-efficiency-of-a-simplex-pcr-and-quantitative-sybr-green-qpcr-for-the-identification-2476-2059-100013.pdf

Validating the Efficiency of a Simplex PCR and Quantitative SYBR Green qPCR for the Identification of Salmonella spp. DNA

A four year old Labrador bitch was presented with a history full term gestation and non-progessive signs of labor with uterine discharge. Per vaginal examination showed dilated birth canal without any fetus. Plain radiography revealed presence of bony structures in the uterus. Induction of labor with oxytocin and calcium was futile. Upon C-section, mummified (n=5), was removed along with normal fetus. The bitch recovered uneventfully following normal post-operative management.

Successful Treatment of Fetal Mummification in a Bitch by Caesarean Section: A Case Report

This paper reports on a rare case of fetal papyraceous mummification after asymptomatic uterine rupture in an elderly female dog with pyometra. The patient had a history of mating six months before the examination but no apparent signs of gestation or parturition. Exploratory laparotomy was used to identify a rupture of the left uterine horn and the presence of cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra. Two mummified papyraceous fetuses were observed in the abdominal cavity and had adhered to the spleen, pancreas, intestine and omentum. Ovariehysterectomy and corrective surgery were performed. The patient had remained healthy after uterine rupture until a new estrous cycle and the development of pyometra. Bitches that are 10 years old or more are predisposed to implantation failure, pregnancy or parturition problems and they should not be breed to avoid complications.

/pdf/mummified-papyraceous-fetuses-in-the-abdominal-cavity-of-an-2byho3w7ki.pdf

Mummified papyraceous fetuses in the abdominal cavity of an elderly female dog with pyometra

This study aimed at evaluating the sensitivity of a multiplex PCR technique for detecting fraud by the deliberate addition of buffalo meat into the minced bovine beef. The minced bovine beef containing 0.01 %, 0.1 %, 1.0 %, 5.0 %, 10.0 %, 25.0 %, 50.0 %, 75.0 %, 90.0 %, 95.0 %, 99 %, 99.9 %, 99.99 % of minced buffalo beef were produced in triplicate, with five replicates. The minced meats exclusively of each animal species were used as control samples. Every prepared sample was analyzed by means of multiplex polymerase chain reaction. For performing the assay sensitivity analysis, the known concentrations of DNA samples (0.01 %, 0.1 %, 1.0 %, 5.0 %, 10.0 %, 25.0 %, 50.0 %, 75.0 %, 90.0 %, 95.0 %, 99.0 %, 99.9 %, 99.99 %) from Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis species were diluted and mixed into a final volume of 10 μL; and these DNA samples were also assayed by the proposed PCR methodology. The multiplex PCR showed to be is an effective and highly sensitive technique enough for detecting increments of 10 % (2.05 ng) of bubaline DNA and of 0.1 % (0.041 ng) of bovine DNA.

Avaliação da técnica PCR multiplex para detecção de fraude por adição de carne bubalina em carne moída bovina

The canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a sexually transmissible neoplasm found in the external genitalia of dogs. It is clinically characterized by the growth of friable and hemorrhagic tissue in the genital tract, with serosanguineous and fetid vaginal discharge. The diagnosis is based on anamnesis and on clinical signs, however, cyto or histopathological evaluation are also necessary. Several treatments have been used for the management of the tumor, which may include surgical removal, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, biotherapy and chemotherapy. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical-surgical aspect of a female dog with transmissible venereal tumor located in the external genitalia, with an atypical metastasis in the uterus, and clinical urinary signs as dysuria and hematuria. The surgical excision of the tumor with cauterization of the remaining tissue presented good results and few complications.
KEYWORDS: Transmissible venereal tumor. TVT. Uterus. Bitch.

https://www.arsveterinaria.org.br/ars/article/download/132/113

Canine transmissible venereal tumor (tvt) in the uterus: case report

Ultrasonography was auxiliary methods of breeding soundness evaluation. Different cuts testicles and urinary glands, analyzing image, quantifying the gray scale and mensuared biometric measurements and testicular form. 111 Nellore steers were examinated from 9 to 15 months. It was divided into 3 groups: Traditional Nelore (NeT); Selection (Nellore); Control (NeC). Using the device Pie Medical Scanner 200C, attached to a linear transducer of 8 MHz, with the help of software "Echo Image Viewer" (EIV) and is quoted grayscale (EC) of the testicles. The average was 30.43; 30.51 and 31.44% for NeT; Nellore; NeC, respectively. The JV plans scans average in the period 9-15 months was 33.09 and 28.18% in the transverse and frontal planes. There were no differences of CE to the left testicle and right. Pubertal animals and im-pubescent had the average of different CE, and there was significant difference in the EC diferent ages, in the testicle and the bladder glands. The percentage is different, but the testes were 61.39; 32.12; 6.07, 0.30 and 0% for long oval shapes, moderately long oval spherical and spherical, respectively. The difference in testicular ages 9, 13 and 15 months was 5.15, 3.54 and 2.64% respectively.

D. J. Cardilli

Papers

Mummified papyraceous fetuses in the abdominal cavity of an elderly female dog with pyometra

Avaliação da técnica PCR multiplex para detecção de fraude por adição de carne bubalina em carne moída bovina

Canine transmissible venereal tumor (tvt) in the uterus: case report

Contribuição da ultrassonografia na avaliação andrológica de bovinos Nelore

Pure Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) for ovariohysterectomy in bitches: a preliminary feasibility study