Collagen piezoelectricity has been the focus of a large number of experimental and theoretical studies for over fifty years. Less is known about the piezoelectric properties of its building blocks, in particular but not limited to, proline and hydroxyproline. Spurred by the recent upsurge of interest in piezoelectricity in organic crystals including our own report of unprecedentedly high piezoelectricity in amino acid glycine, we predict and measure the piezoelectric properties of collagen subcomponents in single crystalline forms and the collagen-like alanine-hydroxyproline-glycine trimer peptide. We map the modulation of piezoelectric charge constants in collagen building blocks as the crystal symmetry is lowered and the molecule size increases, finding strong evidence for amino acid-level barcoding of collagen piezoelectricity that can in turn be tuned using very simple chemistry. The simple addition of an -OH group can increase piezoelectric constants by up to two orders of magnitude (d25 = 25 ± 5 pC N-1) as measured in Y-cut hydroxyproline crystals. The value is similar to that obtained from thermoelectrically poled commercial polyvinylidene di fluoride (PVDF) films. Overall, our findings support a simple block by block approach in which first principles calculations can guide the understanding and re-engineering of piezoelectric biomolecules.

Deconstructing collagen piezoelectricity using alanine-hydroxyproline-glycine building blocks

Growth, structural, spectral, optical and thermal studies of a novel third-order nonlinear optical single crystal: Piperazine-1,4-diium bis(2, 4-dichlorobenzoate)

A single crystal of L-Phenylalanine Fumaric Acid (LPFA) with molecular formula C9H11NO2.C4H4O4 was successfully synthesized by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The grown crystal underwent several characterizations. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the synthesized sample crystallizes in the triclinic system with the space group PI. Using the UV-Vis spectral analysis, it was found that the grown crystal holds good optical quality which indicates that the crystal is transparent in the visible region with lower cut-off wavelength of 223 nm and optical band gap is found to be 5.57 eV. Using the UV-Vis spectrum, the remarkable properties such as extinction coefficient, reflectance, refractive index, electrical conductivity, optical conductivity, and electric susceptibility have been calculated. From Vickers Micro hardness, the mechanical stability of the LPFA crystal and work hardening coefficient is found to be 3.8. By thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, it has been analyzed that the grown crystal is having thermal stability up to 206 °C. The electrical properties have been analyzed using the dielectric studies. It has been found that the sample exhibits lower dielectric constant and dielectric loss at high frequencies which indicates good optical quality of the crystal. The antibacterial activity was investigated using four strains such as Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus using Agar disk diffusion test and it has been evaluated that the sample is having strongest activity of 43 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence, the as grown sample is having wide applications in the field of electro-optics, water purification and bio-medicine.

Antibacterial activity, optical, mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of L-phenylalanine fumaric acid single crystals for biomedical, optoelectronic, and photonic applications

Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, DFT calculations, Z-scan and nonlinear optical studies of novel flourinated hexahydropyrimidine

Structural, spectroscopic, quantum chemical, and molecular docking investigation of (E)-N'-(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)picolinohydrazide

Good-quality new single crystals of 4-methylpyridinium 4-nitrobenzoate were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature using methanol as solvent. The structure of the c...

Studies on structural, optical, thermal and photoconductivity of a new organic nonlinear optical crystal: 4-methylpyridinium 4-nitrobenzoate

Good quality single crystals of organic nonlinear optical material l-proline 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid (LPDCBA) were synthesized and grown by slow evaporation technique. The lattice parameters and space group were determined using single crystal XRD analysis. The optical absorbance and the lower cut-off wavelength of the LPDCBA were identified by UV–VIS–NIR studies. The modes of vibrations of different molecular groups present in the sample were identified by the FTIR spectral analysis. Dielectric measurement of LPDCBA were carried out at different frequencies. Thermal stability of LPDCBA were determined by TGA/DTA measurements. Laser induced damage threshold study was carried out for the grown crystal using Nd:YAG laser. The second harmonic generation efficiency were found to be 1.66 times greater than that of KDP.

Synthesis, growth, optical, spectral, thermal and dielectric studies of a new nonlinear optical material : l-proline 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid single crystal

Quality crystals of 4-Methoxy Anilinium 5-Sulfo Salicylate (4MA5SS) were grown with the dimension of 9 mm × 6 mm × 3 mm from ethanol solution by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The cell parameters and crystal structure studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. FTIR spectroscopic studies were carried out to confirm the functional groups and vibrational modes present in the grown crystals. The linear optical properties of the grown crystal were studied from the UV–Vis spectrum. The surface laser damage threshold for the grown crystal was measured using Nd:YAG laser. Further, Vickers micro-hardness study was carried out to analyze the mechanical strength of the grown crystals for various loads. The dielectric measurements of this crystal in the frequency region from 50 Hz to 5 MHz showed that the material can be used for optical application.

Synthesis, growth and characterization of nonlinear optical organic crystal: 4-Methoxy Anilinium 5-Sulfo Salicylate

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D. Jayalakshmi

Papers

Growth, structural, spectral, optical and thermal studies of a novel third-order nonlinear optical single crystal: Piperazine-1,4-diium bis(2, 4-dichlorobenzoate)

Studies on structural, optical, thermal and photoconductivity of a new organic nonlinear optical crystal: 4-methylpyridinium 4-nitrobenzoate

Synthesis, growth, optical, spectral, thermal and dielectric studies of a new nonlinear optical material : l-proline 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid single crystal

Synthesis, growth and characterization of nonlinear optical organic crystal: 4-Methoxy Anilinium 5-Sulfo Salicylate

Growth, Spectral, Thermal, Linear and Non-Linear Optical Characteristics of an Efficient Organic Crystal: L-Lysinium 5-Sulfosalicylate