Meanwhile, the authors' antidote to the American sicknessa quest for democratic community that draws on our diverse civic and religious traditionshas contributed to a vigorous scholarly and popular debate. Attention has been focused on forms of social organization, be it civil society, democratic communitarianism, or associative democracy, that can humanize the market and the administrative state. In their new Introduction the authors relate the argument of their book both to the current realities of American society and to the growing debate about the country's future. With this new edition one of the most influential books of recent times takes on a new immediacy.\

Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life

Статья посвящена вопросам влияния власти на поведение человека. Авторы рассматривают данные различных источников, в которых увеличение власти связывается с напористостью, а ее уменьшение - с подавленностью. Конкретно, власть ассоциируется с: а) позитивным аффектом; б) вниманием к вознаграждению и к свойствам других, удовлетворяющим личные цели; в) автоматической переработкой информации и резкими суждениями; г) расторможенным социальным поведением. Уменьшение власти, напротив, ассоциируется с: а) негативным аффектом; б) вниманием к угрозам и наказаниям, к интересам других и к тем характеристикам я, которые отвечают целям других; в) контролируемой переработкой информации и совещательным типом рассуждений; г) подавленным социальным поведением. Обсуждаются также последствия этих паттернов поведения, связанных с властью, и потенциальные модераторы.

Power, approach, and inhibition. Власть, напористость и подавленность

Sexual Behavior in the Human Male

This survey of sexual practices in the United States has been combed by the media for items of interest to the public: monogamous sex is much more widespread in this country than has been thought; infidelity is less frequent than presumed; vaginal intercourse is the defining experience of heterosexual behavior; watching one's partner undress is stimulating to many people; married couples have more sex than single people (unmarried, cohabiting couples have the most sex of all); the majority of couples experience sex twice a week to several times a month; 2.8% of men identify themselves as homosexual and 1.4% of women do so, but a higher percentage of people consider a same-gender experience to have some appeal; 75% of men always experience orgasm compared with 28.6% of women, but more nearly equal numbers of men and women declare themselves satisfied with their sexual experiences. The book is, in fact, a

The Social Organization of Sexuality: Sexual Practices in the United States

Paid Work, Parenting, and Housework: Gender Strategies and Myths@@@The Second Shift: Working Parents and the Revolution at Home.

Using technology to control intimate partners: An exploratory study of college undergraduates

This article uses data from the 1973-2006 General Social Survey to assess the interactive impact of race and gender on marital happiness over time. Findings indicate independent and significant effects for both variables, with Whites and husbands reporting greater marital happiness than Blacks and wives. Comparing four subgroups (White husbands, White wives, Black husbands, and Black wives), the authors find that White husbands report the highest levels of marital happiness whereas Black wives report the lowest. Assessment of trends from the 1970s to the 2000s reveals a convergence among the groups: Although White husbands consistently report the highest levels of marital happiness, there has been a steady decline in the gap between all four groups. Most notably, Black wives exhibit a significant increase in marital happiness relative to the other groups. Findings are discussed in the context of the changing structure and composition of families in contemporary U.S. society.

Trends in Marital Happiness by Gender and Race, 1973 to 2006

Analysis of survey data from 1013 undergraduates at a large southeastern university revealed that over half (51%) reported experience in a "friends with benefits" relationship In comparing the background characteristics of participants with nonpartipants in a FWBR, ten statistically significant findings emerged Findings included that participants were significantly more likely to be males, casual daters, hedonists, nonromantics, jealous, blacks, juniors/seniors, those who have had sex without love and those who regard "financial security" as their top value The data reflected that the friends with benefits relationship is primarily sexual and engaged in by nonromantic hedonists who have a pragmatic view of relationships Implications and limitations of the data are suggested ********** "Friends with benefits," defined as sex in a non romantic friendship, is a phrase which engenders different public reactions Conservatives view such a relationship as an affront to public morality and the sanctity of sex in marriage Participants regard the relationship as an appropriate, safe, addition/benefit to an existing friendship The goal of this study was to identify the background characteristics in a sample of undergraduates who were participants in a friends with benefits relationship (FWBR) Participation in a friends with benefits relationship was identified by response to the statement, "I have been in a 'friends with benefits relationship' (had sex with a friend)" Students could respond using one of several categories- "strongly disagree," "disagree," "neither disagree or agree," "agree," or "strongly agree" Sample and Methods The data for this study were taken from a large nonrandom sample of 1027 undergraduate volunteers at a large southeastern university who answered a 100-item questionnaire (approved by the Institutional Review Board of the university) on "Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors of College Students" Respondents completed the questionnaire anonymously The researchers were not in the room when the questionnaires were completed and no identifying information or codes allowed the researchers to know the identity of the respondents Of the respondents, 674% were female and 326% were male Race (categories of white and black only) included 821% white and 179% black Student ages ranged from sixteen to fifty-two, with a median age of 19 Class rank included 469% freshman, 271% sophomore, 161% junior, and 99% senior The current relationship of the students was measured by their response to the question, "Which of the following best describes your current relationship status?" The response options included, 1 =not dating and not involved with anyone; 2=casually dating different people; 3=emotionally involved with one person; 4=engaged; 5=married For purposes of analysis, respondents who were engaged and married were combined into the 'engaged' category Students were also asked to identify their top value in life with the question, "My top value in life is to" and given the following alternatives, 1 = have financial security, 2 = have a happy marriage, and 3 = have a career I love The sexual values of the respondents were measured by response to the statement "The sexual value which best describes me is" The alternative responses included, 1 = absolutism-intercourse before marriage is wrong, 2 = relativism if you are in a loving relationship, intercourse is ok even if not married or 3 = hedonism-'if it feels good, do it'- sexual pleasure is the goal and being in love or married are unimportant Romantic views of love were assessed by asking the respondents if they believed that there was only one true love, in love at first sight and that "love conquers all" Finally, religiosity and jealousy were assessed by asking the respondents if they viewed themselves as a religious person or a jealous person, respectively To identify differences in regard to various background characteristics and involvement in a friends with benefits relationship, cross-classification was conducted to determine any relationships with Chi Square utilized to assess statistical significance …

Participants in "Friends with Benefits" Relationships

Data on 334 university students in a random sample revealed how students meet, where they go, and what they do on dates. Sexual behaviors of these students also indicate that men expect more sexual intimacy sooner in a fewer number of dates than women. Influences/involvements by their parents in their dating relationships are also discussed. Most students feel positive about limited parental involvement.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/584138.pdf

Dating Behaviors of University Students.

This study assessed the perceptions of college students at a large southeastern university about aging and older people. Participants were 441 students from age 17 to 49 years with a median age of 19 years. There were 118 males (26.8%) and 323 females (73.2%). The results indicated that students believed a person is “old” at the age of 60 years. In addition, most respondents perceive aging according to the frequency of contact with older people. Students who had worked with older people were significantly (p < .02) more likely to believe that older people have little interest in sex and little capacity for having sex than those who had lived with grandparents. Social class, political affiliation, race, and religion of the students were also analyzed.

David Knox

Papers

Using technology to control intimate partners: An exploratory study of college undergraduates

Trends in Marital Happiness by Gender and Race, 1973 to 2006

Participants in "Friends with Benefits" Relationships

Dating Behaviors of University Students.

College Students' Perceptions About Older People and Aging