After 1992 many conservation biologists thought that the use of economic instruments would be more effective to halt biodiversity loss than policies based on setting apart some natural spaces outside the market. At the same time there was a new elaboration of the concept of ecosystem services and, since 1997, there have been attempts at costing in money terms the loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity, including the high profile TEEB (The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity) project (2008-2011). Our discussion rests on instances showing the analytical implications of three main socio-economic meanings of biodiversity loss: 1) the loss of natural capital; 2) the loss of ecosystem functions; and 3) the loss of cultural values and human rights to livelihood. We review several approaches to include economic considerations in biodiversity conservation. We show cases where monetary valuation is relevant and other cases where it is controversial and even counterproductive, as it undermines the objectives of conservation.

https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/artpub/2013/123201/Rodriguez-Labajos_Economics_of_ecosystems_and_biodiversity_a2013.pdf

The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Recent Instances for Debate

Sustainable supply chain management practices and dynamic capabilities in the food industry: A critical analysis of the literature

http://directory.umm.ac.id/Data%20Elmu/jurnal/A/Agricultural%20Systems/Vol65.Issue2.Aug2000/634.pdf

An assessment of the total external costs of UK agriculture

A review of different types of land-use change models incorporating human processes. Presents a framework to compare land-use change models in terms of scale (both spatial and temporal) and complexity, and how well they incorporate space, time, and human decisionmaking. Examines a summary set of 250 relevant citations and develops a bibliography of 136 papers. From these papers, 19 land-use models are reviewed in detail as representative of the broader set of models. Summarizes and discusses the 19 models in terms of dynamic (temporal) and spatial interactions, as well as human decisionmaking. Many raster models examined mirror the extent and resolution of remote-sensing data. The broadest-scale models generally are not spatially explicit. Models incorporating higher levels of human decisionmaking are more centrally located with respect to spatial and temporal scales, probably due to the lack of data availability at more extreme scales. Examines the social drivers of land-use change and methodological trends and concludes with some proposals for future directions in land-use modeling.

/pdf/a-review-and-assessment-of-land-use-change-models-dynamics-3ovj33prgu.pdf

A Review and Assessment of Land-Use Change Models Dynamics of Space, Time, and Human Choice

The ecotourism literature is focused on market segmentation, ecological impacts of wildlife viewing, and community-based ecotourism, but there has been minimal attention to critical areas such as quality control, the industry, external environments or institutions even as the components and parameters of ecotourism are being extended. This imbalance, combined with the fragmentation and lack of integration within the literature, suggest that ecotourism, as a field of academic inquiry, is still in a state of adolescence. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Progress in tourism management Twenty years on: The state of contemporary ecotourism research

The use and usefulness of carbon labelling food: A policy perspective from a survey of UK supermarket shoppers

This paper is concerned with policies for the supply of public, environmental goods from the farm sector. In particular, we characterize the buying of these goods by the public from farmers using the "Provider Gets Principle." This principle is well established in OECD countries, as we demonstrate. Results from ecological-economic modeling of the conservation of heather moorland in northern Scotland, using this principle, are described. This model enables us to identify spatially differentiated ecological targets, and to calculate the minimum necessary payments needed to achieve these targets.

Principles for the provision of public goods from agriculture: modeling moorland conservation in Scotland

Wetlands are an environmental feature which deliver a variety of market and non-market goods and services. Established environmental economic theory separates the value of these goods and services into direct-use values, indirect-use values and non-use values. Given appreciation of all three, measurements can be derived to demonstrate the amount of public money that it may be feasible to allocate to the sustainable management of wetlands. However, in many cases, non-use values are ignored and the total economic value of wetlands can be severely undervalued. As a result, inadequate resources are fed into their management and environmental degradation occurs due to inappropriate commercial exploitation of the natural resource. Lake Kerkini, in northern Greece, is one such wetland area threatened by undervaluation and overexploitation for commercial purposes, and a resource whose management would benefit from the realization of non-use values. This study therefore uses the contingent valuation method to plac...

Economic Valuation of the Non-use Attributes of a Wetland: A Case-study for Lake Kerkini

Purpose – The purpose of the research is to identify the observable operational and supply chain barriers and constraints that occur in local food supply chains, especially with smaller producers, as they seek to increase market penetration across a wider geographic area. Design/methodology/approach – The research adopts a multiple case study approach using mixed methods of data collection where case study companies are interviewed and complete a questionnaire. This process allows us to create a supply chain map and create a narrative which records the burdens and impacts occurring in local food supply chains and smaller producers looking beyond local markets. This evidence is then set against the theory of constraints (TOC) to provide a theoretical underpinning and to examine consistency of the findings. Findings – Seven broad categories of constraint type are observed: constraints due to the nature of the market; due to scale and the nature of products; constraints related to employment and skills; inst...

David Oglethorpe

Papers

The use and usefulness of carbon labelling food: A policy perspective from a survey of UK supermarket shoppers

Principles for the provision of public goods from agriculture: modeling moorland conservation in Scotland

Economic Valuation of the Non-use Attributes of a Wetland: A Case-study for Lake Kerkini

Testing the theory of constraints in UK local food supply chains

The hydrological component of the NELUP decision support system: an appraisal