A review on regulations, current status, effects and reduction strategies of emissions for marine diesel engines

Intermediate volatility organic compound (IVOC) emissions from a large cargo vessel were characterized under real-world operating conditions using an on-board measurement system. Test ship fuel-based emission factors (EFs) of total IVOCs were determined for two fuel types and seven operating conditions. The average total IVOC EF was 1003 ± 581 mg·kg-fuel-1, approximately 0.76 and 0.29 times the EFs of primary organic aerosol (POA) emissions from low-sulfur fuel (LSF, 0.38 wt % S) and high-sulfur fuel (HSF, 1.12 wt % S), respectively. The average total IVOC EF from LSF was 2.4 times that from HSF. The average IVOC EF under low engine load (15%) was 0.5-1.6 times higher than those under 36%-74% loads. An unresolved complex mixture (UCM) contributed 86.1 ± 1.9% of the total IVOC emissions. Ship secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production was estimated to be 546.5 ± 284.1 mg·kg-fuel-1; IVOCs contributed 98.9 ± 0.9% of the produced SOA on average. Fuel type was the dominant determinant of ship IVOC emissions, IVOC volatility distributions, and SOA production. The ship emitted more IVOC mass, produced higher proportions of volatile organic components, and produced more SOA mass when fueled with LSF than when fueled with HSF. When reducing ship POA emissions, more attention should be paid to commensurate control of ship SOA formation potential.

Intermediate Volatility Organic Compound Emissions from a Large Cargo Vessel Operated under Real-World Conditions

. A high-resolution air pollutant emission inventory for
the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region was updated for 2017 using emission
factors and chemical speciation based mainly on local measurements in this
study. The inventory included 424 non-methane volatile organic compounds
(NMVOCs) and 43 fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) species from 259
specific sources. The total emissions of SO 2 , NO x , CO, NMVOCs,
PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and NH 3 in the YRD region in 2017 were 1552,
3235, 38 507, 4875, 3770, 1597, and 2467 Gg, respectively. SO 2 and
CO emissions were mainly from boilers, accounting for 49 % and 73 % of
the total. Mobile sources dominated NO x emissions, contributing 57 % of the total. NMVOC emissions, mainly from industrial sources, made up
61 % of the total. Dust sources accounted for 55 % and 28 % of
PM 10 and PM 2.5 emissions, respectively. Agricultural sources
accounted for 91 % of NH 3 emissions. Major PM 2.5 species were
OC, Ca, Si, PSO 4 , and EC, accounting for 9.0 %, 7.0 %, 6.4 %,
4.6 %, and 4.3 % of total PM 2.5 emissions, respectively. The main
species of NMVOCs were aromatic hydrocarbons, making up 25.3 % of the
total. Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) contributed 21.9 % of
the total NMVOC emissions. Toluene had the highest comprehensive
contribution to ozone (O 3 ) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA)
formation potentials, while other NMVOCs included 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene,
 m , p -xylene, propylene, ethene, o -xylene, and ethylbenzene. Industrial process
and solvent-use sources were the main sources of O 3 and SOA formation
potential, followed by motor vehicles. Among industrial sources, chemical
manufacturing, rubber and plastic manufacturing, appliance manufacturing,
and textiles made significant contributions. This emission inventory should
provide scientific guidance for future control of air pollutants in the YRD
region of China.

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Emission inventory of air pollutants and chemical speciation for specific anthropogenic sources based on local measurements in the Yangtze River Delta region, China

This study aims to understand the effect of the Domestic Emission Control Area (DECA) policy on ambient SO2 and particle components in Shanghai. Online single particle analysis and SO2 measurements...

Changes in the SO2 Level and PM2.5 Components in Shanghai Driven by Implementing the Ship Emission Control Policy.

Characterization of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives (nitro-and oxy-PAHs) emissions from two ship engines under different operating conditions.

Diming Lou

Papers

Emission factors of particulate and gaseous compounds from a large cargo vessel operated under real-world conditions.