Secondary thickening in pteridophytes.-The known cases of secondary thickening in recent Pteridophyta have been brought together by HILL23 in a useful resume. After stating the criteria for secondary growth, Botrychium, which has a distinct cambium, and Ophioglossum, which lacks a definite layer, are described, followed by Angiopteris and Marattia, in which a cambium forms a few xylem elements. CORMACK'S observations on the secondary wood in the nodes of Equisetum are cited, though no reference is made to the cambium in the young cone as reported by J]FFREY.24 The other cases of secondary growth include Psilotum, Selaginella spinulosa, and several species of Isoetes, especially I. hystrix, which may show a cambium outside the vascular cylinder.-M. A.

The Cell Wall

Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from pineapple crown waste and their potential uses

Colouration of textiles using roasted peanut skin- an agro processing residue

Circular economy for fashion industry: Use of waste from the food industry for the production of biotextiles

Brazil is one of the largest producers of pineapple in the world, which, in addition to bringing substantial benefits, contributes to increasing waste generation in the stages of processing, aiming at its consumption. The Brazilian environmental legislation has been increasingly more restrictive with respect to the disposal of solid waste, whether domestic, industrial or agro-industrial, which has stimulated studies related to the use of these materials in several matrices. This study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of using the natural fiber of pineapple (Ananas comosus), extracted from its leaves, as reinforcing material in cementitious composites. For this purpose, natural fiber extracted from the pineapple crown was incorporated in different percentages in relation to the cement mass: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10%, and the fibers obtained were submerged in aqueous NaOH solution with 5% concentration in volume, for 1 h at room temperature. The following variables were evaluated: consistency, water retention, incorporated air, mass density in hardened state, mechanical strength, water absorption by immersion and capillarity, besides verifying the influence of the mode of fiber incorporation. It was observed that the treatment with NaOH solution and the percentage of natural pineapple fiber incorporated in up to 5% in relation to the cement mass form mortars with technological feasibility.

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Development of mortar for laying and coating with pineapple fibers

Exploration of future prospects of Indian pineapple leaf, an agro waste for textile application.

The degummed mulberry silk waste and eri silk waste were blended with degummed and bleached pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) at fiber stage in different proportions, and spun into yarn in a jute spinni...

Dipshika Hazarika

Papers

Exploration of future prospects of Indian pineapple leaf, an agro waste for textile application.

Development of Apparels from Silk Waste and Pineapple Leaf Fiber