Orban's Oral Histology and Embryology

Orban's oral histology and embryology

Aim: This study evaluated apical seal of teeth obturated by two techniques and gutta-percha (GP) removed by two methods for post space preparation, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Materials and Methods: Fifty-six single rooted teeth were decapitated at 15mm from the apex and prepared using ProTaper Universal System. Specimens were divided into two main groups of 28 each according to technique of GP Removal and post space preparation: Group A1, GP removed by a penetrating drill and Group A2, GP removed by hot plugger. Each main group was divided into two subgroups according to obturation technique: single cone (SC) and System B. Each subgroup was further divided into two minor subgroups according to storage time—immediately and one-week post-obturation. Approximately 9mm of GP was removed for post space preparation. All specimens were scanned three times by micro-CT: post-preparation, post-obturation, and after post space preparation. Total mean percentage of voids/gaps in the apical portion was calculated at 1, 3, and 5mm from the apex. Data were explored for normality using Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests. Paired sample t-test was used to compare between two groups. Independent sample t-test was used to compare between two groups in non-related samples (significant P ≤ 0.05). Results: It showed that group A2 recorded significantly lower voids than group A1 at the two investigation periods. Voids associated with System B technique were lower than those with SC. Conclusion: An immediate removal of GP by hot plugger would not affect the apical seal.

Micro-computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Apical Seal of Endodontically Treated Teeth by Two Obturating Techniques and Two Post Space Preparation Techniques

ABSTRACT Introduction: Root canal filling is an important part of root canal treatment that aimed to seal the root canal system, to prevent bacterial penetration and their toxins into periradicular tissues and to provide favourable environment for periapical healing. Thermoplasticized technique were developed to produce filling with homogenous mass, to achieve optimal sealing ability and to increase the quality of root canal filling. The aim of this study is to analyzed differences of Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) evaluation of the obturation sealing capability between thermoplastic carrier-based condensing techniques and lateral heat condensation techniques. Methods: This study was conducted under an in-vitro quasi experimental methode to 36 specimens of maxillaris centralis incisivus which were divided to 3 groups, (A) thermoplasticized carrier-based technique (GuttaCore System), (B) warm lateral condensation technique (heat carrier SystemB), (C) cold lateral condensation as control group. Sealing ability is evaluated based on the measurement results of volume percentages of filling material and sealer, volume of void, and surface density, that which was calculated from the 3D volumetric image of Micro-CT device. Data were statistically analysed using Analisis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-test. Result: The result showed significant difference of percentage filling material and sealer volume in apical third (p<0.05), whereas there were no significant differences of void volume in apical third, middle third, coronal third or along the canal (p>0.05). Conclusion: Thermoplastized carrier-based technique is not better than warm lateral technique.Keywords: sealing ability; root canal filling; thermoplasticized carrier-based technique; warm lateral technique.

Differences of Micro-CT evaluation of the obturation sealing capability between thermoplastic carrier-based condensing techniques and lateral heat condensation techniques

Abstract Objectives Whether paraspinal muscle degeneration is related to poor clinical outcomes after lumbar surgery is still indistinct, which limits its clinical application. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of paraspinal muscle morphology on functional status and re-operation after lumbar spinal surgery. Methods A review of the literature was conducted using a total of 6917 articles identified from a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases through September 2022. A full-text review of 140 studies was conducted based on criteria including an objective assessment of preoperative paraspinal muscle morphology including multifidus (MF), erector spinae (ES), and psoas major (PS) in addition to measuring its relationship to clinical outcomes including Oswestry disability index (ODI), pain and revision surgery. Meta-analysis was performed when required metrics could be calculated in ≥ three studies, otherwise vote counting model was a good alternative to show the effect direction of evidence. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results A total of 10 studies were included in this review. Of them, five studies with required metrics were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis suggested that higher preoperative fat infiltration (FI) of MF could predict higher postoperative ODI scores (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.16–0.50, p = 0.0001). For postoperative pain, MF FI could also be an effective predictor for persistent low back pain after surgery (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI 0.02–0.31, p = 0.03). However, in the vote count model, limited evidence was presented for the prognostic effects of ES and PS on postoperative functional status and symptoms. In terms of revision surgery, there was conflicting evidence that FI of MF and ES could predict the incidence of revision surgery in the vote count model. Conclusion The assessment of MF FI could be a viable method to stratify patients with lumbar surgery by the risk of severe functional disability and low back pain. Key Points • The fat infiltration of multifidus can predict postoperative functional status and low back pain after lumbar spinal surgery. • The preoperative evaluation of paraspinal muscle morphology is conducive for surgeons. 

/pdf/does-paraspinal-muscle-morphometry-predict-functional-status-3eo3opci.pdf

Does paraspinal muscle morphometry predict functional status and re-operation after lumbar spinal surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of three different obturation techniques namely, the conventional lateral compaction, warm vertical compaction (SybronEndo, System B) and a core carrier obturation technique (DENTSPLY, GuttaCore) using three-dimensional Cone beam computed tomography (Care Stream CS 9000 3D CBCT) to measure the pulp space volume. Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised of 30 freshly extracted human mandibular and maxillary single-root premolars which were randomly divided into three groups of 10 teeth each. Biomechanical preparation was done in all teeth using WaveOne primary reciprocating files. All three sets of teeth were imaged in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scanner before and after obturation. Volume of the pulp space before and after obturation were calculated using OnDemand3D software and adequacy of the obturation techniques were measured by calculating the percentage differences of the obturated volume between the groups. Results: The data statistically analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Multiple-Range Tukey Test. There was a statistically significant difference in the obturated volume of the root canal space between the Gutta Core group and the lateral condensation group. Conclusions: Non obturated space (voids) was seen in all three obturation techniques. GuttaCore obturators showed the greater percentage of volume (POV) of obturation followed by the system B then the lateral condensation techniques.

/pdf/evaluation-of-three-different-obturation-techniques-using-53y1deuux9.pdf

Evaluation Of Three Different Obturation Techniques Using Three-Dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography: In Vitro Study

The current systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to compare the diagnostic accuracy of pulp vitality and pulp sensibility tests in assessing pulpal health. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Open Grey databases were searched and after assessing eligibility criteria the data were extracted. True-positive, false-positive, true-negative, false-negative, sensitivity and specificity values were extracted or calculated if not presented. Quality of studies was evaluated based on the QUADAS 2 tool. Meta-analysis was performed in MetaDTA (v2.0; Shinyapps, RStudio PBC, Boston, MA, USA) and Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan web; The Cochrane Collaboration, London, UK). Ten articles were included for qualitative synthesis and five for meta-analysis. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio for pulse oximeter (PO), electric pulp tester (EPT), cold test (CT) and heat test (HT) was 628.5, 10.75, 17.24 and 3.47, respectively. Pairwise comparison demonstrated a higher pooled mean sensitivity and specificity with PO compared with EPT. Comparison between PO and CT and between PO and HT also demonstrated a higher pooled mean sensitivity and specificity for PO. Summary points on receiver operating characteristic curves confirmed the ability of PO to correctly screen negatives in presenting patients as compared to EPT, CT and HT but no study was rated as good on quality assessment. PO can be considered as the most accurate diagnostic method as compared to EPT, CT and HT. This review provides information about the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of using pulp vitality and sensibility tests for assessing pulp status.

/pdf/diagnostic-accuracy-of-pulp-vitality-tests-and-pulp-3f8zzvq4.pdf

Diagnostic Accuracy of Pulp Vitality Tests and Pulp Sensibility Tests for Assessing Pulpal Health in Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dunia Al Hadi

Papers

Evaluation Of Three Different Obturation Techniques Using Three-Dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography: In Vitro Study

Diagnostic Accuracy of Pulp Vitality Tests and Pulp Sensibility Tests for Assessing Pulpal Health in Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis