Results In 2007-2008, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 33.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31.6%-36.0%) overall, 32.2% (95% CI, 29.5%-35.0%) among men, and 35.5% (95% CI, 33.2%-37.7%) among women. The corresponding prevalence estimates for overweight and obesity combined (BMI 25) were 68.0% (95% CI, 66.3%-69.8%), 72.3% (95% CI, 70.4%-74.1%), and 64.1% (95% CI, 61.3%66.9%). Obesity prevalence varied by age group and by racial and ethnic group for both men and women. Over the 10-year period, obesity showed no significant trend among women (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for 2007-2008 vs 1999-2000, 1.12 [95% CI, 0.89-1.32]). For men, there was a significant linear trend (AOR for 2007-2008 vs 1999-2000, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.12-1.58]); however, the 3 most recent data points did not differ significantly from each other.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/articlepdf/185235/joc90148_235_241.pdf

Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008.

The purpose of this Position Stand is to provide guidance to professionals who counsel and prescribe individualized exercise to apparently healthy adults of all ages. These recommendations also may apply to adults with certain chronic diseases or disabilities, when appropriately evaluated and advised by a health professional. This document supersedes the 1998 American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Position Stand, "The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Healthy Adults." The scientific evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of exercise is indisputable, and the benefits of exercise far outweigh the risks in most adults. A program of regular exercise that includes cardiorespiratory, resistance, flexibility, and neuromotor exercise training beyond activities of daily living to improve and maintain physical fitness and health is essential for most adults. The ACSM recommends that most adults engage in moderate-intensity cardiorespiratory exercise training for ≥30 min·d on ≥5 d·wk for a total of ≥150 min·wk, vigorous-intensity cardiorespiratory exercise training for ≥20 min·d on ≥3 d·wk (≥75 min·wk), or a combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity exercise to achieve a total energy expenditure of ≥500-1000 MET·min·wk. On 2-3 d·wk, adults should also perform resistance exercises for each of the major muscle groups, and neuromotor exercise involving balance, agility, and coordination. Crucial to maintaining joint range of movement, completing a series of flexibility exercises for each the major muscle-tendon groups (a total of 60 s per exercise) on ≥2 d·wk is recommended. The exercise program should be modified according to an individual's habitual physical activity, physical function, health status, exercise responses, and stated goals. Adults who are unable or unwilling to meet the exercise targets outlined here still can benefit from engaging in amounts of exercise less than recommended. In addition to exercising regularly, there are health benefits in concurrently reducing total time engaged in sedentary pursuits and also by interspersing frequent, short bouts of standing and physical activity between periods of sedentary activity, even in physically active adults. Behaviorally based exercise interventions, the use of behavior change strategies, supervision by an experienced fitness instructor, and exercise that is pleasant and enjoyable can improve adoption and adherence to prescribed exercise programs. Educating adults about and screening for signs and symptoms of CHD and gradual progression of exercise intensity and volume may reduce the risks of exercise. Consultations with a medical professional and diagnostic exercise testing for CHD are useful when clinically indicated but are not recommended for universal screening to enhance the safety of exercise.

/pdf/quantity-and-quality-of-exercise-for-developing-and-1fohxlhqop.pdf

Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory, Musculoskeletal, and Neuromotor Fitness in Apparently Healthy Adults: Guidance for Prescribing Exercise

Results In 2009-2010 the age-adjusted mean BMI was 28.7 (95% CI, 28.3-29.1) for men and also 28.7 (95% CI, 28.4-29.0) for women. Median BMI was 27.8 (interquartile range [IQR], 24.7-31.7) for men and 27.3 (IQR, 23.3-32.7) for women. The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 35.5% (95% CI, 31.9%-39.2%) among adult men and 35.8% (95% CI, 34.0%-37.7%) among adult women. Over the 12-year period from 1999 through 2010, obesity showed no significant increase among women overall (age- and race-adjusted annual change in odds ratio [AOR], 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.03; P=.07), but increases were statistically significant for non-Hispanic black women (P=.04) and Mexican American women (P=.046). For men, there was a significant linear trend (AOR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06; P.001) over the 12-year period. For both men and women, the most recent 2 years (2009-2010) did not differ significantly (P=.08 for men and P=.24 for women) from the previous 6 years (20032008). Trends in BMI were similar to obesity trends.

/pdf/prevalence-of-obesity-and-trends-in-the-distribution-of-body-14thi4mqtd.pdf

Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010

https://isiarticles.com/bundles/Article/pre/pdf/36264.pdf

Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: a theory of gender and health.

This document details the procedures and recommendations of the Goals and Metrics Committee of the Strategic Planning Task Force of the American Heart Association, which developed the 2020 Impact Goals for the organization. The committee was charged with defining a new concept, cardiovascular health, and determining the metrics needed to monitor it over time. Ideal cardiovascular health, a concept well supported in the literature, is defined by the presence of both ideal health behaviors (nonsmoking, body mass index 25 kg/m 2 , physical activity at goal levels, and pursuit of a diet consistent with current guideline recommendations) and ideal health factors (untreated total cholesterol 200 mg/dL, untreated blood pressure 120/80 mm Hg, and fasting blood glucose 100 mg/dL). Appropriate levels for children are also provided. With the use of levels that span the entire range of the same metrics, cardiovascular health status for the whole population is defined as poor, intermediate, or ideal. These metrics will be monitored to determine the changing prevalence of cardiovascular health status and define achievement of the Impact Goal. In addition, the committee recommends goals for further reductions in cardiovascular disease and stroke mortality. Thus, the committee recommends the following Impact Goals: "By 2020, to improve the cardiovascular health of all Americans by 20% while reducing deaths from cardiovascular diseases and stroke by 20%." These goals will require new strategic directions for the American Heart Association in its research, clinical, public health, and advocacy programs for cardiovascular health promotion and disease prevention in the next decade and beyond. (Circulation. 2010;121:586-613.)

/pdf/defining-and-setting-national-goals-for-cardiovascular-48yubhx8d6.pdf

Defining and Setting National Goals for Cardiovascular Health Promotion and Disease Reduction The American Heart Association’s Strategic Impact Goal Through 2020 and Beyond

Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: Executive summary

Several professional societies endorse the use of person-first language (PFL) in communication involving people with diabetes or obesity. The purpose of this analysis was to determine the extent to which scholarly articles focusing on diabetes or obesity use PFL.
 We reviewed existing guidelines and constructed separate lists of PFL and condition-first language (CFL) terms for diabetes and obesity (e.g., diabetic, obese) . Exact phrase searches were conducted using PubMed from 2011-2020 and resultant articles were categorized as PFL, CFL, or both. Journal-specific factors (e.g., scope, PFL policy) were extracted from a manual review of author guidelines.
 The searches yielded 56048 scholarly articles for diabetes and 45584 for obesity. Among diabetes articles, 42.8% used PFL, 40.1% used CFL, and 17.2% contained both (p<0.0PFL vs. CFL) . Among obesity articles, 0.5% used PFL, 99.3% used CFL, and 0.2% used both (p<0.0PFL vs. CFL) . Use of PFL increased by 3.1% per year for diabetes articles, compared to 117.0% for obesity articles (p=0.002) . The rate of adoption of PFL in diabetes articles was unchanged in 2018-2020 compared to years prior (p=0.970) . PFL was more likely to be used in diabetes articles published in a diabetes-focused journal (OR 1.66; p<0.001) and in journals with a PFL policy (OR 2.97; p<0.001) . Obesity articles were more likely to use PFL if published in a US journal (OR 2.34; p=0.002) and in journals after implementation of a PFL policy (OR 32.11; p<0.001) . Obesity-focused journals were not more likely to use PFL than non-specialized journals (p=0.12) .
 Although the use of person-first language in diabetes articles has increased over the past years, progress has slowed despite the recent publication of PFL guidelines. Fewer than 1% of obesity articles used person-first language, suggesting a widespread lack of recognition of the importance of PFL in obesity. The strongest predictor of the use of person-first language was if the article was published in a journal with a PFL policy.
 
 
 D.Bialonczyk: Employee; Gelesis. K.L.Close: Other Relationship; Abbott, ADOCIA, Amarin Corporation, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American Diabetes Association, American Medical Association, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Astellas Pharma Inc., AstraZeneca. J.Dickinson: Consultant; DiaNavi, Vivify. J.D.Reece: None. T.K.Kyle: Advisory Panel; Nutrisystem, Inc., Consultant; Gelesis, Johnson & Johnson. J.F.Nadglowski: Employee; Obesity Action Coalition. K.Johnson: None. M.Garza: None. E.Pash: Employee; Gelesis. E.Chiquette: Employee; Gelesis.


929-P: Person-First Language in Diabetes and Obesity Scientific Publications: Are We Making Progress?

OBJECTIVE
We aimed to quantify the use of person-first language (PFL) among scholarly articles focusing on diabetes or obesity.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
PFL and condition-first language (CFL) terms for diabetes and obesity (eg, diabetic, obese) were identified from existing guidelines and a review of the literature. Exact phrase literature searches were conducted between 2011-2020 and results were categorised as PFL, CFL, or both.


RESULTS
Among diabetes articles, 43% used PFL, 40% used CFL, and 17% contained both. Among obesity articles, 0.5% used PFL, 99% used CFL, and 0.2% used both. Use of PFL increased by 3% per year for diabetes articles, compared to 117% for obesity articles. The rate of adoption of PFL in diabetes articles was unchanged in 2018-2020 compared to the three years prior.


CONCLUSIONS
While the use of person-first language in diabetes articles had increased over the review period, its rate of adoption has started to slow. Conversely, the use of PFL in obesity articles is nascent and increasing.

Person-first language in diabetes and obesity scientific publications.

Background Despite the increasing prevalence of obesity, the use of pharmacotherapy treatment remains low. Telehealth platforms have the potential to facilitate access to pharmacotherapy interventions, but little is known about telehealth patients. Objective This study describes a large patient population taking Plenity, an oral superabsorbent hydrogel (OSH) used in the treatment of excess weight or obesity (BMI 25-40 kg/m2). The analysis compared differences in weight loss practices and in-person access to obesity care among telehealth patients with preobesity and obesity. Methods This was a cross-sectional assessment of a random sample of 20,000 telehealth patients who completed a structured, web-based visit and received at least one prescription of OSH. Patients were eligible to receive care via telehealth if they were adults, were not pregnant, and had a BMI ≥25 kg/m2. During the visit, patients provided baseline health information including comorbidities, diet, and exercise habits. Their zip code of residence was used to determine their proximity to an obesity medicine provider. Descriptive statistical analysis and tests of differences (chi-square and 2-tailed t tests) were used to compare patients with preobesity (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI 30-40 kg/m2). Results Most (15,576/20,000, 77.88%) of the cohort were female, with a mean age of 44 (SD 11) years and a mean BMI of 32.4 (SD 4.1) kg/m2. Among the cohort, 32.13% (6426/20,000) had preobesity, and 40.18% (8036/20,000) of all patients had ≥1 weight-related comorbidity. Almost all (19,732/20,000, 98.66%) patients attempted 1 weight loss method before OSH and half (10,067/20,000, 50.34%) tried ≥4 different methods. Exercise and low-calorie diets were the most attempted weight loss methods, and 28.76% (5752/20,000) of patients reported a prior prescription of weight loss medication. Patients with obesity were more likely than patients with preobesity to have previously tried commercial weight loss plans (7294/13,574, 53.74% vs 2791/6426, 43.43%; P<.001), specialized diets (8493/13,574, 62.57% vs 3799/6426, 59.12%; P<.001), over-the-counter supplements (6807/13,574, 50.15% vs 2876/6426, 44.76%; P<.001), and prescription weight loss medications (4407/13,574, 32.47% vs 1345/6426, 20.93%; P<.001). Females were more likely to seek treatment for preobesity (5332/15,576, 34.23% vs 1094/4424, 24.73% male; P<.001) and reported fewer comorbidities (5992/15,576, 38.47% vs 2044/4424, 46.2% male; P<.001), despite >90% of both sexes reporting the belief that excess weight negatively affected their health (14,247/15,576, 91.47% female participants, 4116/4424, 93.04% male participants). Moreover, 29.25% (5850/20,000) of patients lived in the same zip code and 85.15% (17,030/20,000) lived in the same county as an obesity medicine provider. Conclusions Data from this large patient cohort supports the potential for telehealth to provide prescriptive weight management treatment to a population seeking care. Patients with preobesity are an undertreated population who actively seek new weight management options. Female participants sought weight management treatment earlier in the disease continuum than males, despite reporting fewer comorbidities.

/pdf/characteristics-and-weight-loss-practices-from-a-cohort-of-w3rtskv7.pdf

Characteristics and Weight Loss Practices From a Cohort of 20,000 Patients Using Direct-to-Consumer Telehealth: Observational Cross-sectional Study

Background and Objective: Plenity is a non-systemic oral superabsorbent hydrogel which promotes fullness by increasing the volume and elasticity of ingested food in the stomach and small intestine. The efficacy and safety of the oral hydrogel have been demonstrated in clinical trials. This study evaluated weight change in people with overweight or obesity following treatment with the oral hydrogel in a real-world setting.
 Research Design and Methods: Data was analyzed using chart records from a national telehealth platform. Demographic and health information and anthropometric measures were self-reported by patients during online visits. Patients were included in the analysis if they had received a prescription for the oral hydrogel, had a follow-up visit at 180 ± 30 days, reported having access to treatment for ≥ 75% of days, and reported taking it at least 1 day per week. Descriptive statistical analysis and tests of differences (χ2, t-tests) were performed in R Version 4.2.2.
 Results: Patients (n=894) were 74% female, aged 50 ± 11 years, with a mean pre-treatment body weight of 90 ± 16 kg and BMI of 32.0 ± 4.1 kg/m2. One-third (35%) of patients had overweight (BMI 25-30 kg/m2) at baseline and mean treatment duration was 160 ± 16 days. Weight loss of any amount (>0 kg) was reported by 85.9% of patients, with a mean weight change of -6.1 ± 3.9% (-5.6 ± 3.8 kg) in this group. About half (48%) of all patients achieved clinically significant weight loss of ≥ 5%. Among these treatment responders, mean weight loss was 8.7 ± 3.3% (8.0 ± 3.4 kg). Clinically significant weight loss response ≥ 5% was more likely among people that reported poor baseline diet quality (P = 0.02).
 Conclusions: Treatment with an oral superabsorbent hydrogel in people with overweight and mild obesity in a real-world environment was associated with clinically significant weight loss response at 6 months. People with self-assessed poor baseline diet quality, in particular, were more likely to have a meaningful response to therapy.
 
 
 D. Bialonczyk: Employee; Gelesis. M. S. Zhou: Employee; Ro. L. Broffman: Employee; Roman Health Adventures. T. Y. Doron: Employee; Roman Health Adventures. J. Bowles: Employee; MCPHS University, Gelesis. E. Chiquette: Consultant; Gelesis.


E. Chiquette

Papers

Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: Executive summary

929-P: Person-First Language in Diabetes and Obesity Scientific Publications: Are We Making Progress?

Person-first language in diabetes and obesity scientific publications.

Characteristics and Weight Loss Practices From a Cohort of 20,000 Patients Using Direct-to-Consumer Telehealth: Observational Cross-sectional Study

90-LB: Real-World Effectiveness of an Oral Superabsorbent Hydrogel for Weight Management