A comprehensive review of the key technologies for pure electric vehicles

Batteries are prevalent energy providers for modern systems. They can also be regarded as storage units for renewable and sustainable energy. Failures of batteries can bring huge losses in terms of personnel, facility, environment, and reputation aspects. Therefore the accurate health estimation and high availability of batteries is urgently required by corresponding users, distributors, and manufactures. Fortunately, prognostics and health management (PHM) technique has been demonstrated the capability of supporting the improvement of the availability and reliability of batteries. In this paper, we gave a review on the state-of-the-art of the PHM study on batteries. We observed the increase of publication related to battery PHM in the past decade (2009–2018), especially in the past five years. Approaches related to battery performance prognostics are categorized into physics-based, data-driven and hybrid classes. Selection of the battery PHM approach requires to take the user requirement, data availability and degradation mechanisms attainability into consideration. Based on the survey, we also proposed research and development perspectives to conduct further studies on the battery PHM, including the approach selection, health management, performance evaluation, uncertainty treatment, application economics, as well as environmental issues. We focused on PHM of lithium-ion batteries, given the fact that several publications discussed other types of batteries (e.g., lead-acid batteries).

A review on prognostics and health management (PHM) methods of lithium-ion batteries

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/smtd.202000039

Toward Green Battery Cells: Perspective on Materials and Technologies

From aqueous Zn-ion battery to Zn-MnO2 flow battery : a brief story

Investigation of an efficient and environmentally-friendly CCHP system based on CAES, ORC and compression-absorption refrigeration cycle: Energy and exergy analysis

As more renewable energy is developed, energy storage is increasingly important and attractive, especially grid-scale electrical energy storage; hence, finding and implementing cost-effective and sustainable energy storage and conversion systems is vital. Batteries of various types and sizes are considered one of the most suitable approaches to store energy and extensive research exists for different technologies and applications of batteries; however, environmental impacts of large-scale battery use remain a major challenge that requires further study. In this paper, batteries from various aspects including design features, advantages, disadvantages, and environmental impacts are assessed. This review reaffirms that batteries are efficient, convenient, reliable and easy-to-use energy storage systems (ESSs). It also confirms that battery shelf life and use life are limited; a large amount and wide range of raw materials, including metals and non-metals, are used to produce batteries; and, the battery industry can generate considerable amounts of environmental pollutants (e.g., hazardous waste, greenhouse gas emissions and toxic gases) during different processes such as mining, manufacturing, use, transportation, collection, storage, treatment, disposal and recycling. Battery use at a large scale or grid-scale (>50 MW), which is widely anticipated, will have significant social and environmental impacts; hence, it must be compared carefully with alternatives in terms of sustainability, while focusing on research to quantify externalities and reduce risk. Alternatives such as pumped hydro and compressed air energy storage must be encouraged because of their low environmental impact compared to different types of batteries.

E. Tharumalingam

Papers

Study of energy storage systems and environmental challenges of batteries