This paper explores the role of Internet of Things (IoT) and its impact on supply chain management (SCM) through an extensive literature review. Important aspects of IoT in SCM are covered including IoT definition, main IoT technology enablers and various SCM processes and applications. We offer several categorisation of the extant literature, such as based on methodology, industry sector and focus on a classification based on major supply chain processes. In addition, a bibliometric analysis of the literature is also presented. We find that most studies have focused on conceptualising the impact of IoT with limited analytical models and empirical studies. In addition, most studies have focused on the delivery supply chain process and the food and manufacturing supply chains. Areas of future SCM research that can support IoT implementation are also identified.

Internet of things and supply chain management: a literature review

Internet of Things (IoT) is reshaping the incumbent industry to smart industry featured with data-driven decision-making. However, intrinsic features of IoT result in a number of challenges, such as decentralization, poor interoperability, privacy, and security vulnerabilities. Blockchain technology brings the opportunities in addressing the challenges of IoT. In this paper, we investigate the integration of blockchain technology with IoT. We name such synthesis of blockchain and IoT as blockchain of things (BCoT). This paper presents an in-depth survey of BCoT and discusses the insights of this new paradigm. In particular, we first briefly introduce IoT and discuss the challenges of IoT. Then, we give an overview of blockchain technology. We next concentrate on introducing the convergence of blockchain and IoT and presenting the proposal of BCoT architecture. We further discuss the issues about using blockchain for fifth generation beyond in IoT as well as industrial applications of BCoT. Finally, we outline the open research directions in this promising area.

Blockchain for Internet of Things: A Survey

http://www.cs.hut.fi/~framling/Publications/intelligentproducts_final.pdf

Intelligent Products: A survey

Auto ID systems and intelligent manufacturing control

Integration of renewable energy and optimization of energy use are key enablers of sustainable energy transitions and mitigating climate change. Modern technologies such the Internet of Things (IoT) offer a wide number of applications in the energy sector, i.e, in energy supply, transmission and distribution, and demand. IoT can be employed for improving energy efficiency, increasing the share of renewable energy, and reducing environmental impacts of the energy use. This paper reviews the existing literature on the application of IoT in in energy systems, in general, and in the context of smart grids particularly. Furthermore, we discuss enabling technologies of IoT, including cloud computing and different platforms for data analysis. Furthermore, we review challenges of deploying IoT in the energy sector, including privacy and security, with some solutions to these challenges such as blockchain technology. This survey provides energy policy-makers, energy economists, and managers with an overview of the role of IoT in optimization of energy systems.

Internet of Things (IoT) and the Energy Sector

Nowadays in industrial process area it is necessary to manage in real time all informations related to the interactions between resources, products, processes and operators along the process zone. Amongst the main constraints and objectives in industrial processes is the security issue. Especially, in industrial environment workers have to deal with unavoidable threats from products, resources and machines that are parts of work risks. Currently, many security systems depend on safety measurements that are token by interacting devices eventually exposing people lives to unpredictable situation as an example in storage and transport activities of hazardous chemical substances. Our research approach to study such fully distributed and discrete industrial environment is based on communicating object’s concept which represents a physical product equipped with perception, communication, actuation and decision making capabilities. Products and resources when upgraded so to communicate with objects then become active products that are communicating with each others. So to cope with such a complete active products’ community we propose to define a Petri nets hierarchical modelling framework in order to analyse and to solve cooperation and communication functionalities of active products. The communicating object’s approach has attracted the interest of several research projects as COBIS project (Collaborative Business Items) (CoBIs, 2008) that has developed a new approach to business processes involving physical entities such as goods and tools in enterprise. The intention is to embed business logic in the physical entities. Also, the computing department at Lancaster University (Strohbach et al., 2005) conceived cooperative products with perception, analysis and communication capacities that operate by information sharing principle. Also, (Quanz et al., 2008) is considering the problem of Object Safety: how objects endowed with processing, communicating, and sensing capabilities can determine their safety. He assigned an agent to each object capable of looking out for its own self interests, while concurrently collaborating with its neighbours and learning / reinforcing its beliefs from

https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/12188/InTech-Petri_nets_hierarchical_modelling_framework_of_active_products_community.pdf

Petri Nets Hierarchical Modelling Framework of Active Products' Community

Cloud computing was considered last decade as a principal support for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, cloud solution introduces various constraints including mobility, reliable, scalability, and power consumption. To face such issues, researchers have proposed several solutions including mobile cloud computing, fog computing, and smart gateways. Recently, a PSS (product-service system) concept was proposed in the literature. In this paper, we focused on this concept which exploits the IoT object resources to further avoid IoT architecture issues while still meeting low-power and small-size object requirements. Thus, this paper discusses the emerging technologies and techniques that would be exploited towards PSS achievement. In addition, the promising hardware platforms for PSS achievement are presented and compared in terms of energy consumption.

Concept and Hardware Considerations for Product-Service System Achievement in Internet of Things

In every day life, thousands of objects are fabricated, thousands of objects enter and exit warehouses, thousands of objects are sold in supermarkets. For a good quality of service, these places have to supervise every object, anytime and anywhere, during the passage of the object through theirs environments. So, the necessity of a smart object, that possesses a unique identifier, contains information about itself, could take care of itself and that communicate with the environment in which it is, using specialized services, has arrived. In this article we demonstrate the concept of a smart object, created using RFID and UPnP technologies.

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Ambient Services Interactions for Smart Objects in the Supply Chain

Quality improvement represents a fundamental objective for manufacturing industries which must continuously increase the performance of manufacturing plants. However, this aim may only be achieved by integrating quality control loop functions into each manufacturing system level, and especially into manufacturing processes so as to react at the earliest moment to problems.

Information system and quality assurance in a flexible manufacturing cell

Machine-to-Machine (M2M) is one of the emerging technologies that has caught the attention of many researchers. The heterogeneous connected objects, constrained by interoperability, security and confidentiality issues, is driving the emergence of the concept of the Social Internet of Things (SIoT). The latter consists of providing semi-autonomous communicating objects (CO) with interaction capacities inspired by human social relations. The SIoT concept contributes to the evolution of interaction between industrial objects, by improving deterministic mechanisms towards intelligent interactions. We propose a new concept of M2M interactions inspired by social paradigms. These paradigms are deduced from a synthesis of several sociological approaches.

Eddy Bajic

Papers

Petri Nets Hierarchical Modelling Framework of Active Products' Community

Concept and Hardware Considerations for Product-Service System Achievement in Internet of Things

Ambient Services Interactions for Smart Objects in the Supply Chain

Information system and quality assurance in a flexible manufacturing cell

A disruptive M2M social paradigm for Industry 4.0