Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

This paper gives the 2010 self-consistent set of values of the basic constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) for international use. The 2010 adjustment takes into account the data considered in the 2006 adjustment as well as the data that became available from 1 January 2007, after the closing date of that adjustment, until 31 December 2010, the closing date of the new adjustment. Further, it describes in detail the adjustment of the values of the constants, including the selection of the final set of input data based on the results of least-squares analyses. The 2010 set replaces the previously recommended 2006 CODATA set and may also be found on the World Wide Web at physics.nist.gov/constants.

/pdf/codata-recommended-values-of-the-fundamental-physical-4bsdant71c.pdf

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2006

The theoretical and experimental issues relevant to neutrinoless double beta decay are reviewed. The impact that a direct observation of this exotic process would have on elementary particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and cosmology is profound. Now that neutrinos are known to have mass and experiments are becoming more sensitive, even the nonobservation of neutrinoless double beta decay will be useful. If the process is actually observed, we will immediately learn much about the neutrino. The status and discovery potential of proposed experiments are reviewed in this context, with significant emphasis on proposals favored by recent panel reviews. The importance of and challenges in the calculation of nuclear matrix elements that govern the decay are considered in detail. The increasing sensitivity of experiments and improvements in nuclear theory make the future exciting for this field at the interface of nuclear and particle physics.

/pdf/double-beta-decay-majorana-neutrinos-and-neutrino-mass-2tfhqvhys8.pdf

Double Beta Decay, Majorana Neutrinos, and Neutrino Mass

Energy levels of light nuclei A=8,9,10

http://nuclearmasses.org/resources_folder/Blaum_06.pdf

High-accuracy mass spectrometry with stored ions

The atomic mass of $^{136}\mathrm{Xe}$ has been measured by comparing cyclotron frequencies of single ions in a Penning trap. The result, with 1 standard deviation uncertainty, is $M(^{136}\mathrm{Xe})=135.907$ 214 484 (11) u. Combined with previous results for the mass of $^{136}\mathrm{Ba}$ [Audi, Wapstra, and Thibault, Nucl. Phys. A 729, 337 (2003)], this gives a $Q$ value $(M[^{136}\mathrm{Xe}]\ensuremath{-}M[^{136}\mathrm{Ba}]){c}^{2}=2457.83(37)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$, sufficiently precise for ongoing searches for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{136}\mathrm{Xe}$.

Mass and double-beta-decay Q value of Xe-136

The theory of special relativity is central to modern physics, so if Einstein's iconic E = mc2 were found to be even slightly incorrect, the World Year of Physics would have ended on a sour note. No need to worry, however. A new direct test of the equation confirms its validity with 55 times more accuracy than the best previous effort. The new test combined very accurate measurements of atomic-mass difference and of γ-ray wavelengths to determine the nuclear binding energy for isotopes of silicon and sulphur. The equation holds to a level of at least 0.00004%. One of the most striking predictions of Einstein's special theory of relativity is also perhaps the best known formula in all of science: E=mc2. If this equation were found to be even slightly incorrect, the impact would be enormous — given the degree to which special relativity is woven into the theoretical fabric of modern physics and into everyday applications such as global positioning systems. Here we test this mass–energy relationship directly by combining very accurate measurements of atomic-mass difference, Δm, and of γ-ray wavelengths to determine E, the nuclear binding energy, for isotopes of silicon and sulphur. Einstein's relationship is separately confirmed in two tests, which yield a combined result of 1−Δmc2/E=(−1.4±4.4)×10−7, indicating that it holds to a level of at least 0.00004%. To our knowledge, this is the most precise direct test of the famous equation yet described.

World Year of Physics: a direct test of E=mc2.

The atomic masses of $^{130}\mathrm{Te}$ and $^{130}\mathrm{Xe}$ have been obtained by measuring cyclotron frequency ratios of pairs of triply charged ions simultaneously trapped in a Penning trap. The results, with 1 standard deviation uncertainty, are $M(^{130}\mathrm{Te})=129.906\text{ }222\text{ }744(16)\text{ }\mathrm{u}$ and $M(^{130}\mathrm{Xe})=129.903\text{ }509\text{ }351(15)\text{ }\mathrm{u}$. From the mass difference the double-$\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay $Q$ value of $^{130}\mathrm{Te}$ is determined to be ${Q}_{\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\beta}}(^{130}\mathrm{Te})=2527.518(13)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}$. This is a factor of 150 more precise than the result of the AME2003 [G. Audi et al., Nucl. Phys. A729, 337 (2003)].

Masses of Te130 and Xe130 and double-β-decay Q value of Te130

Masses ofTe130andXe130and Double-β-DecayQValue ofTe130

By measuring the cyclotron frequency ratios of $^{3}{\mathrm{He}}^{+}$ to ${\mathrm{HD}}^{+}$ and ${\mathrm{T}}^{+}$ to ${\mathrm{HD}}^{+}$, and using ${\mathrm{HD}}^{+}$ as a mass reference, we obtain new atomic masses for $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ and T. Our results are $M[^{3}\mathrm{He}]=3.016\text{ }029\text{ }322\text{ }43(19)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{u}$ and $M[\mathrm{T}]=3.016\text{ }049\text{ }281\text{ }78(19)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{u}$, where the uncertainty includes an uncertainty of 0.12 nu in the mass reference. Allowing for cancellation of common systematic errors, we find the $Q$ value for tritium $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay to be $(M[\mathrm{T}]\ensuremath{-}M[^{3}\mathrm{He}]){c}^{2}=18\text{ }592.01(7)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$. This allows an improved test of systematics in measurements of tritium $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay that set limits on neutrino mass.

/pdf/atomic-masses-of-tritium-and-helium-3-xumvfnuu20.pdf

Edmund G. Myers

Papers

Mass and double-beta-decay Q value of Xe-136

World Year of Physics: a direct test of E=mc2.

Masses of Te130 and Xe130 and double-β-decay Q value of Te130

Masses ofTe130andXe130and Double-β-DecayQValue ofTe130

Atomic masses of tritium and helium-3.