Methodological approach to students research-oriented teaching of basics of mathematical modeling of real processes is developed. The application of the method is described through an example of theoretical analysis of elastic electron scattering from solid surface phenomenon.

Математическое моделирование в исследовательско-ориентированном обучении студентов физике поверхности конденсированных веществ

Goal. To assess the impact of storage of overburden by LLC Rybatskiy Karyer on the adjacent territories, including for agricultural purposes. The research methodology. To assess the technogenic impact from the storage of mining waste and the development of quarries on agricultural land, field, laboratory and analytical studies were carried out. According to standard methods, the physical parameters of soils from the dump body, adjacent land allotment territories and from an agricultural field were determined, namely: moisture and density of the solid phase of soils in accordance with the national standard ДСТУ Б В.2.1-17:2009; biological activity of the soil by the "application" method; biotesting of the test object according to the method of assessing soil toxicity using the "Growth test". Sampling from the dump, at its foot and on agricultural land was carried out in accordance with the requirements of ДСТУ ISO 10381-2:2004. The calculation of the amount of dust deposited on agricultural land was carried out using analytical methods. Results of the research. According to various analytical methods, the amount of dust release from the dumps is estimated to be 4.73 tons/year, including from its southern part, taking into account the manifestations of suffusion and dips – more than 0.13 tons/year. According to the "Growth test", a "braking effect" was revealed in one of four soil samples taken from agricultural land, and a "norm" was also obtained in two samples taken in the southwestern part of the dump, where intensive spontaneous growth occurs. The results of assessing the biological activity of the soil by the "application" method showed a high rate of cellulose decomposition, which indicates the suitability of using soils for growing agricultural products. Despite the intensive spontaneous growth of the western part of the overburden dumps, the surface of the embankment is periodically opened due to manifestations of suffusion and, as a consequence, the "drunken forest", one of the reasons for the development of which is open-cast mining. The central and northern parts of the dumps are active. Based on visual inspection and the results of analytical studies, it was revealed that forest reclamation measures to minimize the technogenic load on agricultural land are still a relevant solution. A well-known example is the planting of a forest belt along the contour of the field from the side of the influence of dumps. The planting of a shelter belt is proposed in two rows, which increases the useful forest cover by 3.5%. Scientific novelty. The expediency of farming at a distance from overburden storage sites and an increase in the sanitary protection zone around such man-made objects have been substantiated. Practical meaning. It is advisable to provide for additional forest reclamation measures to prevent deterioration of soil quality, in particular for agricultural purposes, in areas adjacent to overburden dumps with intensive manifestations of self-overgrowing under conditions of intensive development of suffusion and failure phenomena.

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The influence of dump rock of the granite quarry on the quality of soils of adjacent areas

The article is devoted to the problem of reduction of tram vibration impact to buildings. It's proposed several variants of down vibration and given short estimation.

Защита зданий от вибрации

The results of theoretical, field and laboratory studies on the assessment of the impact of the storage of low-hazardous waste from the extractive industry on the quality parameters of the soil cover of the adjacent territories, in particular agricultural land, were analyzed. For this, the granulometric composition, the content of organic substances, mineral nitrogen, and the hydrogen index of salt extraction were determined in soil samples that were taken from the body of the dump, at its foot, and on agricultural land. The analysis of the overburden dump site and adjacent territories showed the feasibility of determining the dust load indicators at the stage of forming environmental impact assessment reports of the planned activity, taking into account the duration of the impact. During the preparation of relevant reports on the assessment of the impact on the environment from the implementation of the planned economic activity, the main attention is paid to the issues of handling waste of I-III hazard classes. The long-term impact of surface deflation of overburden dumps is not sufficiently considered. This is due to their intensive self-healing, and the possibility of the development of suffusion processes and phenomena that will contribute to the periodic opening of the embankment surface is almost not taken into account. These aspects can be taken into account during design through special post-monitoring tasks, on the basis of which additional greening of sanitary and protective zones around man-made embankments should be planned. Questions regarding the formation of protective forest strips or other measures aimed at minimizing the dust load on the territories adjacent to the storage sites of overburden rock dumps are actualized in view of the duration of man-made impact. The identification of previously unforeseeable or insufficiently taken into account impacts and the search for appropriate environmental protection solutions is the task of ecologically responsible enterprises, which corresponds to the principles of the modern environmental management system.

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Technological effects of explosion dumps storage on development of agro-ecosystems

M. Biliaiev: ORCID 0000-0002-1531-7882; T. Rusakova: ORCID 0000-0001-5526-3578; I. Kalashnikov: ORCID 0000-0002-2814-380X; I. Bondarenko: ORCID 0000-0003-4717-3032; E. Gunko: ORCID 0000-0001-9257-763X

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Elena Yu. Gunko

Papers

Numerical Modeling of Air Pollution From Dumps