Eliseo A. Eugenin

TL;DR: Subjecting rat and mouse cortical astrocytes to “chemical ischemia” by inhibition of glycolytic and oxidative metabolism induced permeabilization of cells to Lucifer yellow and ethidium bromide before loss of membrane integrity determined by dextran uptake and lactate dehydrogenase release, suggesting that dye uptake is mediated by Cx43 hemichannels.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that HIV infection of human leukocytes results in their increased transmigration across the tissue culture model of the human BBB in response to the chemokine CCL2, as well as in disruption of the BBB, as evidenced by enhanced permeability, reduction of tight junction proteins, and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9.

TL;DR: Analysis of how microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain, stimulate glioblastoma cell invasion and interactions mediated by EGF and CSF-1 can enhance gliOBlastoma invasion demonstrate the possibility of inhibiting gliobeastsoma invasion by targeting gliablastoma-associated microglial enhancement via inhibition of the CSf-1R.

TL;DR: Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1 or CCL2) and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) were found to protect mixed cultures of human neurons and astrocytes from tat or NMDA‐induced apoptosis, indicating that MCP‐ 1 may play a novel role as a protective agent against the toxic effects of glutamate and tat.

TL;DR: It is proposed that HIV "highjacks" TNT communication to spread HIV through an intercellular route between communicated cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of AIDS.