Showing papers by "Er'el Granot published in 2011"

Transition from the ballistic to the diffusive regime in a turbid medium

Abstract: By varying the absorption coefficient and width of an intralipid–India ink solution in a quasi-one-dimensional experiment, we investigate the transition between the ballistic and the diffusive regimes. The medium’s attenuation coefficient changes abruptly between two different values within a single mean free path. This problem is analyzed both experimentally and theoretically, and it is demonstrated that the transition location depends on the scattering coefficient as well as on the measuring solid angle.

The transition from the ballistic to the diffusive regime in a turbid medium

Abstract: By varying the absorption coefficient and width of an intralipid- India ink solution in a quasi one-dimensional experiment, the transition between the ballistic and the diffusive regimes is investigated. The medium's attenuation coefficient changes abruptly between two different values within a single mean-free-path. This problem is analyzed both experimentally and theoretically, and it is demonstrated that the transition location depends on the scattering coefficient as well as on the measuring solid angle.

Emergence of currents as a transient quantum effect in nonequilibrium systems

Abstract: Most current calculations are based on equilibrium or semi-equilibrium models. However, except for very special scenarios (like ring configuration), the current cannot exist in equilibrium. Moreover, unlike with equilibrium scenarios, there is no generic approach to confront out-of-equilibrium currents. In this paper we used recent studies on transient quantum mechanics to solve the current, which appears in the presence of very high density gradients and fast transients. It shows that the emerging current appears instantaneously, and although the density beyond the discontinuity is initially negligible the currents there have a finite value, and remain constant for a finite period. It is shown that this nonequilibrium effect can be measured in real experiments (such as cooled rubidium atoms), where the discontinuity is replaced with a finite width (hundreds of nanometers) gradient.

Kilohertz laser frequency sensing with Brillouin mutually modulated cross-gain modulation

Abstract: Using mutually modulated cross-gain modulation, Stokes optical frequency changes are converted into modulation phase changes with high sensitivity. In the slow-light transition regime, we demonstrate kilohertz sensitivity to the Stokes optical carrier frequency. The sensitivity is inversely proportional to the modulation frequency of the pump and Stokes beams.

Fiber-optic range sensing based on amplified spontaneous emission noise radar with Kramers-Kronig phase retrieval

Abstract: Amplified spontaneous emission is used as an optical noise source for range sensing. A depth resolution of 30cm and detection of multiple targets is achieved at a range of 2km, using novel Kramers-Kronig algorithms.

Acceleration of trapped particles and beams

Abstract: The dynamics of a quantum particle bound by an accelerating delta-functional potential is investigated. Three cases are considered, using the reference frame moving along with the δ-function, in which the acceleration is converted into the additional linear potential. (i) A stationary regime, which corresponds to a resonance state, with a minimum degree of delocalization, supported by the accelerating potential trap. (ii) A pulling scenario: an initially bound particle follows the accelerating delta-functional trap, within a finite time. (iii) The pushing scenario: the particle, which was initially localized to the right of the repulsive delta-function, is shoved to the right by the accelerating potential. For the two latter scenarios, the lifetime of the trapped particle and the largest velocity to which it can be accelerated while staying trapped are found. Analytical approximations are developed for the cases of small and large accelerations in the pulling regime and also for a small acceleration in the stationary situation, and in the regime of pushing. The same regimes may be realized by Airy-like planar optical beams guided by a narrow bending potential channel or crest. Physical estimates are given for an atom steered by a stylus of a scanning tunnelling microscope, and for the optical beam guided by a bending stripe.

Efficient phase spectrum reconstruction with the discrete multiply subtractive anchoring algorithm

Abstract: We apply the multiply subtractive anchoring method for efficient phase spectrum retrieval, which is based on the fast Fourier transform and Lagrange polynomials. Because the polynomials eventually diverge, choosing the optimum anchoring points is crucial. It is demonstrated that, if more than two anchoring points are chosen, the algorithm’s performance can easily deteriorate.

Acceleration of trapped particles and beams

Abstract: The dynamics of a quantum particle bound by an accelerating delta-functional potential is investigated. Three cases are considered, using the reference frame moving along with the {\delta}-function, in which the acceleration is converted into the additional linear potential. (i) A stationary regime, which corresponds to a resonance state, with a minimum degree of delocalization, supported by the accelerating potential trap. (ii) A pulling scenario: an initially bound particle follows the accelerating delta-functional trap, within a finite time. (iii) The pushing scenario: the particle, which was initially localized to the right of the repulsive delta-function, is shoved to the right by the accelerating potential. For the two latter scenarios, the life time of the trapped particle, and the largest velocity to which it can be accelerated while staying trapped, are found. Analytical approximations are developed for the cases of small and large accelerations in the pulling regime, and also for a small acceleration in the stationary situation, and in the regime of pushing. The same regimes may be realized by Airy-like planar optical beams guided by a narrow bending potential channel or crest. Physical estimates are given for an atom steered by a stylus of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), and for the optical beam guided by a bending stripe.