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Flow The Psychology Of Optimal Experience

Barney Dalgarno is a research fellow with the Centre for Research in Complex Systems (CRiCS), Charles Sturt University, and an associate professor with the School of Education at the same university. His research interests lie in desktop virtual reality learning environments, as well as constructivist computerassisted learning theories, techniques and tools. Dalgarno’s PhD work examined the characteristics of 3-D environments and their potential contributions to spatial learning, and he is now studying the application of brain imaging though Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to interactive multimedia research. Mark J. W. Lee is an adjunct senior lecturer with the School of Education, Charles Sturt University. Previously, he worked in a variety of teaching, instructional design, and managerial roles within the private vocational education and higher education sectors. He has published approximately 50 refereed book chapters, journal articles, and conference papers in the areas of educational technology, e-learning, and innovative pedagogy in tertiary education. Lee is the Chair of the New South Wales Chapter of the IEEE Education Society and serves as founding Editor-in-Chief of Impact:Journal of Applied Research in Workplace E-learning, in addition to being on the editorial boards of a number of international journals. Address for correspondence: Mark J. W. Lee, School of Education, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia. Email: malee@csu.edu.au

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.01038.x

What are the learning affordances of 3-D virtual environments?

This paper presents a comparison study between 10 automatic and six interactive methods for liver segmentation from contrast-enhanced CT images. It is based on results from the "MICCAI 2007 Grand Challenge" workshop, where 16 teams evaluated their algorithms on a common database. A collection of 20 clinical images with reference segmentations was provided to train and tune algorithms in advance. Participants were also allowed to use additional proprietary training data for that purpose. All teams then had to apply their methods to 10 test datasets and submit the obtained results. Employed algorithms include statistical shape models, atlas registration, level-sets, graph-cuts and rule-based systems. All results were compared to reference segmentations five error measures that highlight different aspects of segmentation accuracy. All measures were combined according to a specific scoring system relating the obtained values to human expert variability. In general, interactive methods reached higher average scores than automatic approaches and featured a better consistency of segmentation quality. However, the best automatic methods (mainly based on statistical shape models with some additional free deformation) could compete well on the majority of test images. The study provides an insight in performance of different segmentation approaches under real-world conditions and highlights achievements and limitations of current image analysis techniques.

Comparison and Evaluation of Methods for Liver Segmentation From CT Datasets

The use of virtual-reality technology in the areas of rehabilitation and therapy continues to grow, with encouraging results being reported for applications that address human physical, cognitive, and psychological functioning. This article presents a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis for the field of VR rehabilitation and therapy. The SWOT analysis is a commonly employed framework in the business world for analyzing the factors that influence a company's competitive position in the marketplace with an eye to the future. However, the SWOT framework can also be usefully applied outside of the pure business domain. A quick check on the Internet will turn up SWOT analyses for urban-renewal projects, career planning, website design, youth sports programs, and evaluation of academic research centers, and it becomes obvious that it can be usefully applied to assess and guide any organized human endeavor designed to accomplish a mission. It is hoped that this structured examination of the factors relevant to the current and future status of VR rehabilitation will provide a good overview of the key issues and concerns that are relevant for understanding and advancing this vital application area.

/pdf/a-swot-analysis-of-the-field-of-virtual-reality-3q1uid6pyq.pdf

A SWOT analysis of the field of virtual reality rehabilitation and therapy

We are in the midst of an explosion of emerging humancomputer interaction techniques that redefine our understanding of both computers and interaction. We propose the notion of Reality-Based Interaction (RBI) as a unifying concept that ties together a large subset of these emerging interaction styles. Based on this concept of RBI, we provide a framework that can be used to understand, compare, and relate current paths of recent HCI research as well as to analyze specific interaction designs. We believe that viewing interaction through the lens of RBI provides insights for design and uncovers gaps or opportunities for future research.

/pdf/reality-based-interaction-a-framework-for-post-wimp-2ew8a72fkr.pdf

Reality-Based Interaction: A Framework for Post-WIMP Interfaces Robert J.K. Jacob Audrey Girouard Leanne M. Hirshfield Michael S. Horn

From video games to mobile augmented reality, 3D interaction is everywhere. But simply choosing to use 3D input or 3D displays isn't enough: 3D user interfaces (3D UIs) must be carefully designed for optimal user experience. 3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice, Second Edition is today's most comprehensive primary reference to building outstanding 3D UIs. Four pioneers in 3D user interface research and practice have extensively expanded and updated this book, making it today's definitive source for all things related to state-of-the-art 3D interaction.

3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice

This paper provides a classification of perceptual issues in augmented reality, created with a visual processing and interpretation pipeline in mind. We organize issues into ones related to the environment, capturing, augmentation, display, and individual user differences. We also illuminate issues associated with more recent platforms such as handhelds or projector-camera systems. Throughout, we describe current approaches to addressing these problems, and suggest directions for future research.

https://web.cse.msstate.edu/~swan/publications/papers/2010_Kruijff-etal_Perceptual-Issues_ISMAR.pdf

Perceptual issues in augmented reality revisited

Three-dimensional user interface design is a critical component of any virtual environment (VE) application. In this paper, we present a broad overview of 3-D interaction and user interfaces. We discuss the effect of common VE hardware devices on user interaction, as well as interaction techniques for generic 3-D tasks and the use of traditional 2-D interaction styles in 3-D environments. We divide most user-interaction tasks into three categories: navigation, selection/manipulation, and system control. Throughout the paper, our focus is on presenting not only the available techniques but also practical guidelines for 3-D interaction design and widely held myths. Finally, we briefly discuss two approaches to 3-D interaction design and some example applications with complex 3-D interaction requirements. We also present an annotated online bibliography as a reference companion to this article.

/pdf/an-introduction-to-3-d-user-interface-design-ojvb06o6y7.pdf

An Introduction to 3-D User Interface Design

In this paper, we present an Augmented Reality (AR) system for aiding field workers of utility companies in outdoor tasks such as maintenance, planning or surveying of underground infrastructure. Our work addresses these issues using spatial interaction and visualization techniques for mobile AR applications and as well as for a new mobile device design. We also present results from evaluations of the prototype application for underground infrastructure spanning various user groups. Our application has been driven by feedback from industrial collaborators in the utility sector, and includes a translation tool for automatically importing data from utility company databases of underground assets.

Handheld Augmented Reality for underground infrastructure visualization

3D user interface design is a critical component of any virtual environment (VE) application. In this paper, we present a broad overview of three-dimensional (3D) interaction and user interfaces. We discuss the effect of common VE hardware devices on user interaction, as well as interaction techniques for generic 3D tasks and the use of traditional two-dimensional interaction styles in 3D environments. We divide most user interaction tasks into three categories: navigation, selection/manipulation, and system control. Throughout the paper, our focus is on presenting not only the available techniques, but also practical guidelines for 3D interaction design and widely held myths. Finally, we briefly discuss two approaches to 3D interaction design, and some example applications with complex 3D interaction requirements. We also present an annotated online bibliography as a reference companion to this article.

/pdf/an-introduction-to-3d-user-interface-design-384j5e3sz6.pdf

Ernst Kruijff

Papers

3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice

Perceptual issues in augmented reality revisited

An Introduction to 3-D User Interface Design

Handheld Augmented Reality for underground infrastructure visualization

An Introduction to 3D User Interface Design