http://www.stratosolar.com/uploads/5/6/7/1/5671050/20_gueymard_parameterized_transmittance_model_for_direct_beam_and_circumsolar_spectral_irradiance.pdf

Parameterized transmittance model for direct beam and circumsolar spectral irradiance

Recent results continue to show the general consensus that ozone-related increases in UV-B radiation can negatively influence many aquatic species and aquatic ecosystems (e.g., lakes, rivers, marshes, oceans). Solar UV radiation penetrates to ecological significant depths in aquatic systems and can affect both marine and freshwater systems from major biomass producers (phytoplankton) to consumers (e.g., zooplankton, fish, etc.) higher in the food web. Many factors influence the depth of penetration of radiation into natural waters including dissolved organic compounds whose concentration and chemical composition are likely to be influenced by future climate and UV radiation variability. There is also considerable evidence that aquatic species utilize many mechanisms for photoprotection against excessive radiation. Often, these protective mechanisms pose conflicting selection pressures on species making UV radiation an additional stressor on the organism. It is at the ecosystem level where assessments of anthropogenic climate change and UV-related effects are interrelated and where much recent research has been directed. Several studies suggest that the influence of UV-B at the ecosystem level may be more pronounced on community and trophic level structure, and hence on subsequent biogeochemical cycles, than on biomass levels per se.

/pdf/effects-of-solar-uv-radiation-on-aquatic-ecosystems-and-njcrblgzlq.pdf

Effects of solar UV radiation on aquatic ecosystems and interactions with climate change

In the future, solar energy, along with other renewable resources, could play a key role in mass production of fine chemicals. It could also potentially solve environmental problems, as demonstrated by recent developments in the use of solar energy, such as solar photocatalysis. The solar photocatalytic technology has been demonstrated to be effective for: • Treating groundwater, drinking water, industrial wastewater, and air and soil pollution, • Water disinfection, and • Industrial production of fine chemicals. This report summarizes the current status of solar photocatalysis and identifies future opportunities for research and industry in this field, including recent relevant bibliography. The main commercial solar photocatalytic applications are described, included the technologies based on sunlight for antifogging and self-cleaning of coating materials, glass, and concrete. An overview of several different solar photoreactors and the main operating process parameters are also provided. For the estimation of capital costs, it is suggested the use of appropriate “figures of merit”. The present review would be of interest for researchers, technologists, engineers, and industrialists.

Solar photocatalysis: Materials, reactors, some commercial, and pre-industrialized applications. A comprehensive approach

Proposed reference irradiance spectra for solar energy systems testing

a Institut fur Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany b Mrigtrishna B32/605 Plot 214, Varanasi 221005, India c Institute for Computational Earth System Science (ICESS) and Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA d CIESIN, Columbia University, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive (MS-302), Reston, VA, 20192-0002 USA

Chapter 4. Effects of solar UV radiation on aquatic ecosystems and interactions with climate change

The optimisation of the angle of inclination of a solar collector to maximise the incident solar radiation

[1] The Digital Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Experiment (DAISEX) was carried out for the European Space Agency (ESA) in order to develop the potential of spaceborne imaging spectroscopy for a range of different scientific applications. DAISEX involved simultaneous data acquisitions using different airborne imaging spectrometers over test sites in southeast Spain (Barrax) and the Upper Rhine valley (Colmar, France, and Hartheim, Germany). This paper presents the results corresponding to the columnintegrated aerosol optical properties from ground-based spectroradiometer measurements over the Barrax area during the DAISEX campaign days in the years 1998, 1999, and 2000. The instruments used for spectral irradiance measurements were two Licor 1800 and one Optronic OL-754 spectroradiometers. The analysis of the spectral aerosol optical depth in the visible range shows in all cases the predominance of the coarse-particle mode over the fine-particle mode. The analysis of the back trajectories of the air masses indicates a predominance of marine-type aerosols in the lower atmospheric layers in all cases. Overall, the results obtained show that during the DAISEX there was a combination of maritime aerosols with smaller continental aerosols. INDEX TERMS: 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801); 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution—urban and regional (0305); 0394 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Instruments and techniques; 3360 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Remote sensing; 4801 Oceanography: Biological and Chemical: Aerosols (0305); KEYWORDS: atmospheric composition and structure, instruments and techniques, remote sensing

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2002JD003331

Column‐integrated aerosol optical properties from ground‐based spectroradiometer measurements at Barrax (Spain) during the Digital Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Experiment (DAISEX) campaigns

The parameterisation of the atmospheric aerosol optical depth using the Ångström power law

This paper presents the results of an analysis of 6 years of measurements of UV and broad band irradiation values in Valencia, Spain. Hourly and daily integrated UV irradiance, ITUV, measured by a TUVR Eppley radiometer, and global irradiance IT from a Kipp-Zonen CM-11 pyranometer, were highly correlated, with ITUV/IT percentages varying from 2.9% to 3.5% for hourly values and from 2.9% to 3.4% for daily values. If a general linear relation ITUV=mIT is considered, the correlation coefficient r is always greater than 0.96 for hourly values and 0.91 for daily values. However, the relation between ITUV/IT and the clearness index kT is poorly correlated, although improved results, with less dependence on a specific location, can be observed using the kTUV and kT clearness indices. For a general linear relation, kTUV=mkT, the correlation coefficient r is always greater than 0.89 for hourly values and 0.86 for daily values. Copyright © 1999 Royal Meteorological Society

F. Tena

Papers

The optimisation of the angle of inclination of a solar collector to maximise the incident solar radiation

Column‐integrated aerosol optical properties from ground‐based spectroradiometer measurements at Barrax (Spain) during the Digital Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Experiment (DAISEX) campaigns

The parameterisation of the atmospheric aerosol optical depth using the Ångström power law

Ratio of UV to global broad band irradiation in Valencia, Spain

Values of broad band turbidity coefficients in a mediterranean coastal site