There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

This chapter introduces the finite element method (FEM) as a tool for solution of classical electromagnetic problems. Although we discuss the main points in the application of the finite element method to electromagnetic design, including formulation and implementation, those who seek deeper understanding of the finite element method should consult some of the works listed in the bibliography section.

Introduction to the Finite Element Method

This chapter introduces the subject of statistical pattern recognition (SPR). It starts by considering how features are defined and emphasizes that the nearest neighbor algorithm achieves error rates comparable with those of an ideal Bayes’ classifier. The concepts of an optimal number of features, representativeness of the training data, and the need to avoid overfitting to the training data are stressed. The chapter shows that methods such as the support vector machine and artificial neural networks are subject to these same training limitations, although each has its advantages. For neural networks, the multilayer perceptron architecture and back-propagation algorithm are described. The chapter distinguishes between supervised and unsupervised learning, demonstrating the advantages of the latter and showing how methods such as clustering and principal components analysis fit into the SPR framework. The chapter also defines the receiver operating characteristic, which allows an optimum balance between false positives and false negatives to be achieved.

Statistical Pattern Recognition

This study provides a bibliographic review in the broad field of green composites seeking-out for materials with a potential to be applied in the near future on automotive body panels. Hereupon, materials deriving from renewable resources will be preferred as opposed to the exhaustible fossil products. With the technical information of bio-polymers and natural reinforcements a database was created with the mechanical performance of several possible components for the prospect green composite. Following the review, an assessment is performed where aspects of suitability for the candidate elements in terms of mechanical properties are analyzed. In that section, renewable materials for matrix and reinforcement are screened accordingly in order to identify which hold both adequate strength and stiffness performance along with affordable cost so as to be a promising proposal for a green composite.

Green composites: A review of adequate materials for automotive applications

http://jultika.oulu.fi/files/nbnfi-fe2017112150815.pdf

One-part alkali-activated materials : a review

In recent years, increasing interest in 3D Printing (3DP) has meant that printer usage is not limited to industrial purposes
only, but is also for domestic usage by hobbyists for their individual needs. Polymer-based part production can now even
be conducted outside the traditional factory environment. However, low grade printers pose some drawbacks, such as lower
heat for material fusion, uncontrolled open ambience and limited nozzle size. These reduce the mechanical and aesthetical
qualities as compared to parts fabricated using industrial grade printers. The study aims to perform some quality comparisons
between 3D printed polymeric parts fabricated by both industrial and low cost printers, and subsequently to prove the
hypothesis that the industrial grade printed part has a more reliable surface quality and mechanical properties. Specimens
were fabricated using each printer type (Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) represents the low cost printer and the Multi
Jet Printer (MJP) is used for the industrial grade) and later tested for hardness and surface roughness. Comparisons were
then made between different fabricating methods and also based on a literature study according to the type of materials. The
experiments showed that both the surface roughness and hardness for the plastic parts fabricated by the industrial grade
printer were better than those made by the domestic printer, and showed a good agreement with the results in the literature
study. Therefore, for highly durable parts, it is suggested that industrial grade printers are used. One point to conclude
the study, Rapid Prototyping is possible by any machine, but for Rapid Manufacturing that requires higher durability, it is
better to use an industrial grade printer.

A study on properties of polymer-based additive manufacturing

Damage Identification and Localization of Carbon Fiber– Reinforced Plastic Composite Plate Using Outlier Analysis and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network

Finite element analysis of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites for fused deposition modeling

The existing UPM low speed wind tunnel was usually occupied by students, who carried out their final year projects or postgraduate researches, so that there was hardly free time slot for any additional testing work. Due to this reason, a new wind tunnel project has been started recently. Some basic specifications of the new tunnel have been pre-selected before the project was started, which comprised the following design decisions: a tunnel speed of 50 m/s, a test section area of 1´1 m2, and a closed circuit tunnel type. It wouldn’t be difficult to perceive that this pre-selection was made based on some of the trade-off results among the project’s options and constraints. This paper is aimed to present a simple analysis on the design of the new tunnel, focusing only on its basic geometries. Some design decisions that have been made related to its basic geometries are analyzed and reported in this paper. This analysis may be considered as a design verification of the new tunnel or even perhaps be regarded as scientific justification for its existence.

/pdf/basic-geometries-of-the-new-closed-circuit-wind-tunnel-of-4n27ec2a1b.pdf

Basic Geometries of the New Closed Circuit Wind Tunnel of the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a promising sheet forming process and becomes a worthy alternative to the traditional sheet forming processes. ISF has used in manufacturing small batch or custom...

Faizal Mustapha

Papers

A study on properties of polymer-based additive manufacturing

Damage Identification and Localization of Carbon Fiber– Reinforced Plastic Composite Plate Using Outlier Analysis and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network

Finite element analysis of oil palm fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites for fused deposition modeling

Basic Geometries of the New Closed Circuit Wind Tunnel of the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)

Studying parameters affecting the thinning rate during heat-assisted incremental sheet forming of the lightweight material