An integrated hesitant 2-tuple Pythagorean fuzzy analysis of QFD-based innovation cost and duration for renewable energy projects

This study aims to evaluate the crowdfunding alternatives regarding new service development process pathways of clean energy investment projects. In this framework, a new model has been generated by considering the consensus-based group decision-making with incomplete preferences, Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Moreover, a comparative evaluation has been performed with Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I. Kompromisno Resenje methodology and sensitivity analysis has been made by considering 4 different cases. The main contribution is to identify appropriate crowdfunding-based funding alternatives for the improvement of the clean energy investments with a novel MCDM model. By considering the iteration technique and consensus-based analysis, the missing parts in the evaluations can be completed and opposite opinion problems can be reduced. Furthermore, with the help of hybrid MCDM model by combining DEMATEL and TOPSIS, more objective results can be reached. It is concluded that the analysis results are coherent and reliable. The findings indicate that the full launch is the most significant criterion for equity and debt-based crowdfunding alternatives. On the other side, the analysis has the highest weight for reward and donation-based alternatives whereas design is the most essential item regarding the royalty-based alternative. Additionally, it is also defined that equity-based crowdfunding alternative is the most significant for the service development process of clean energy investment projects. In this way, it will be possible to provide a continuous resource for clean energy investment projects. On the other hand, by providing financing with equity, there will be no fixed financing cost for clean energy investors. If these investors make a profit, they distribute dividends with the decision of their authorized bodies.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40854-021-00250-4.pdf

A hybrid heterogeneous Pythagorean fuzzy group decision modelling for crowdfunding development process pathways of fintech-based clean energy investment projects

Environmental sustainability is increasing emphasis on global environmental concerns at the forefront of public policy debate. This paper investigates the relationship between energy investments and environmental sustainability in China from 1980 to 2018 while considering the moderating effect of international trade and economic growth under the environment Kuznets curve (EKC) framework. We apply advanced econometric modeling for empirical analysis. Our findings show that energy investment and economic growth are positive, while international trade is negatively associated with ecological footprints. Moreover, economic growth and energy investment deteriorate, while international trade improves environmental sustainability. This empirical evidence suggests the improvements in cleaner energy infrastructure with the participation of the private sector to promote clean energy investment. We argue that policymakers should ensure environmental provisions in the regional and bilateral trade agreements to harmonize the environmental regulations, and develop crucial trade and ecological policy indicators to monitor policy consistency.

A study of energy investment and environmental sustainability nexus in China: a bootstrap replications analysis.

In this study, energy center selection of G7 countries is examined. In this context, firstly, the studies in the literature have been evaluated in detail, and seven different criteria have been determined which may affect this selection. Taking these seven different criteria into consideration, G7 countries are ranked by fuzzy MOORA method according to energy center selection performance. According to the results, Japan and Germany are the most successful countries. On the other hand, it was concluded that France and Italy ranked last in terms of energy center selection performance. Hence, especially the countries in the last rankings should be more careful in selecting energy center. In this framework, the customer potential, the training profiles of the customers, the potential of the company with investment demand, the previous payment performance of these companies, and the market risks should be considered by the energy companies while opening new branches.

Energy Center Selection in G7 Industry With Fuzzy MOORA

Nuclear energy is a type of energy that has many advantages. Generating uninterrupted energy, not releasing carbon gas to the atmosphere and obtaining high amounts of electrical energy are examples to be given to this issue. These factors have increased the demands of countries for nuclear power plants. However, there is also a group against nuclear energy due to certain factors. Issues such as the explosion risk of the nuclear power plant and how to destroy radioactive wastes are accepted as the main reasons for this idea. On the other hand, in order for nuclear power plants to operate effectively, the country must have the necessary technological infrastructure and qualified personnel. These factors cause countries not to give priority to nuclear power plants. This study focuses on the factors that delay the establishment of nuclear power plants. In this context, first of all, a detailed literature review has been carried out on the subject. As a result of this study, 5 basic factors that will delay the establishment of nuclear power plants were determined. After that, an analysis has been conducted with the fuzzy DEMATEL method in order to determine which of the relevant factors are more important. The findings indicate that the energy reserve amount of the countries has been determined as the most important factor in opening nuclear power plants. Additionally, the expertise level and public acceptance are other significant issue in this regard. On the other hand, policy changes and technological infrastructure have lower importance for this situation. This result shows that countries resort to nuclear energy in order to reduce their dependence on foreign energy.

Factors Causing Delay in the Installation of Nuclear Power Plants

Analysis of risk priorities for renewable energy investment projects using a hybrid IT2 hesitant fuzzy decision-making approach with alpha cuts

The purpose of this study is to evaluate PERT-based critical paths of new service development (NSD) process for renewable energy investment projects. In this context, a novel three-stage model has been proposed. In the first stage, 10 different steps in NSD process are weighted by considering 2-tuple hesitant interval-valued Spherical fuzzy IVSF DEMATEL approach. In the second stage, 26 different critical paths for NSD process are identified. Moreover, the third stage includes the ranking the renewable energy alternatives by path scenarios with 2-tuple hesitant IVSF TOPSIS. The findings demonstrate that idea screening and the formation of cross-functional team are the most significant criteria for the NSD process of renewable energy investments. Additionally, while considering all activities of NSD process, it is concluded that solar energy is the most appropriate renewable energy alternative. This result is also similar for considering the longest path by activity number, the longest path by duration and the shortest path by activity number. However, it is also determined that geothermal energy is the most ideal type of renewable energy to invest in while considering the shortest path by duration. Therefore, it is obvious that investors should primarily give importance to generate new products for solar energy projects. In this way, it can be easier for them to provide efficiency in their investments. On the other hand, if there is time constraint or a positive result is expected from the project in a short time, geothermal energy is the most suitable renewable energy type to invest.

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A Hybrid Hesitant 2-Tuple IVSF Decision Making Approach to Analyze PERT-Based Critical Paths of New Service Development Process for Renewable Energy Investment Projects

This study aims to evaluate the innovation adoption performance of the renewable energy alternatives. Within this context, a new model is created that consists of two different stages. Firstly, the decision combinations of innovation adoption life cycle patterns are identified by considering integer code series. On the other side, in the second stage, the innovation adoption life cycle performance of the renewable energy alternatives is ranked. In this framework, interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methodology is taken into consideration based on alpha cut levels. Moreover, a comparative evaluation is also conducted by considering IT2 fuzzy VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR). It is identified that the analysis results are quite coherent and reliable. The findings demonstrate that solar energy is the most appropriate renewable energy type to make innovation. Additionally, wind and geothermal energies are also other significant renewable energy types that have a great innovation potential. However, it is also concluded that biomass and hydroelectric energy have lower importance in comparison with the others. Another important point is that the ranking results are quite similar for different alpha cuts. This condition indicates that the analysis results are coherent and reliable. It is obvious that making investment to solar energy alternatives provides opportunity to adopt technologic innovation more easily. Therefore, it is recommended that investors should give priority to solar energy projects so that it can be more possible to increase the efficiency and the profitability of the investments.

/pdf/integer-code-series-enhanced-it2-fuzzy-decision-support-1v0lzjj9p6.pdf

Integer Code Series Enhanced IT2 Fuzzy Decision Support System With Alpha Cuts for the Innovation Adoption Life Cycle Pattern Recognition of Renewable Energy Alternatives

In recent years, the Chinese Central Government has put great emphasis on the marine economy, since it has been a new driving force of the national economic development. Yet, the relationship between marine economic development and energy efficiency remains unknown. In this paper, we investigate whether marine economic development affected energy efficiency. We focused on the Zhoushan Archipelago, the first National New Area for marine economic development in China. We applied panel data approach to construct the counterfactual of Zhoushan Archipelago. We compared Zhoushan and its counterfactual, the synthetic Zhoushan, and viewed the difference between them, after the Zhoushan Archipelago New Area, as the impact of marine economic development on energy efficiency. We found that compared with its counterfactual, the real Zhoushan had a more substantial improvement in energy efficiency after the National New Area construction. We estimated that the construction of the National New Area for Marine Economy increased energy efficiency by about 10 percentage points. We also applied the bootstrapping technique to illustrate the significance of the estimated results. The results suggest that the Zhoushan Archipelago New Area construction had a statistically significant impact on energy efficiency. In addition, we conducted two tests, including leave-one-out tests and permutation tests, to check the robustness of estimated results, which also serve as an illustration of significance of the estimated results from an alternative empirical perspective. The results from these two tests are similar to each other, both indicating that the Zhoushan Archipelago New Area construction had a statistically significant positive impact on energy efficiency. Overall, our results suggest that marine economic development had a sizable improvement in energy efficiency.

Fei Cheng

Papers

Analysis of risk priorities for renewable energy investment projects using a hybrid IT2 hesitant fuzzy decision-making approach with alpha cuts

A Hybrid Hesitant 2-Tuple IVSF Decision Making Approach to Analyze PERT-Based Critical Paths of New Service Development Process for Renewable Energy Investment Projects

Integer Code Series Enhanced IT2 Fuzzy Decision Support System With Alpha Cuts for the Innovation Adoption Life Cycle Pattern Recognition of Renewable Energy Alternatives

The Impact of Marine Economic Development on Energy Efficiency: The Case of Zhoushan Archipelago New Area in China