https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/82364/2/Strategies%20for%20enhancing%20the%20sensitivity%20of%20plasmonic%20nanosensors.pdf

Strategies for enhancing the sensitivity of plasmonic nanosensors

Pathogen detection in complex samples by quartz crystal microbalance sensor coupled to aptamer functionalized core-shell type magnetic separation.

Introduction: The study of drug–target interactions is essential for the understanding of biological processes and for the efforts to develop new therapeutic molecules. Increased ligand-binding assays have coincided with the advances in reagents, detection and instrumentation technologies, the expansion in therapeutic targets of interest, and the increasingly recognized importance of biochemical aspects of drug–target interactions in determining the clinical performance of drug molecules. Nowadays, ligand-binding assays can determine every aspect of many drug–target interactions. Areas covered: Given that ligand–target interactions are very diverse, the author has decided to focus on the binding of small molecules to protein targets. This article first reviews the key biochemical aspects of drug–target interactions, and then discusses the detection principles of various ligand-binding techniques in the context of their primary applications for drug discovery and development. Expert opinion: Equilibrium-bi...

Ligand-receptor interaction platforms and their applications for drug discovery.

We describe the use of Bio-layer Interferometry to study inhibitory interactions of subunit e with the catalytic complex of Escherichia coli ATP synthase. Bacterial F-type ATP synthase is the target of a new, FDA-approved antibiotic to combat drug-resistant tuberculosis. Understanding bacteria-specific auto-inhibition of ATP synthase by the C-terminal domain of subunit e could provide a new means to target the enzyme for discovery of antibacterial drugs. The C-terminal domain of e undergoes a dramatic conformational change when the enzyme transitions between the active and inactive states, and catalytic-site ligands can influence which of e's conformations is predominant. The assay measures kinetics of e's binding/dissociation with the catalytic complex, and indirectly measures the shift of enzyme-bound e to and from the apparently nondissociable inhibitory conformation. The Bio-layer Interferometry signal is not overly sensitive to solution composition, so it can also be used to monitor allosteric effects of catalytic-site ligands on e's conformational changes.

/pdf/bio-layer-interferometry-for-measuring-kinetics-of-protein-3kpt9p3d4d.pdf

Bio-layer Interferometry for Measuring Kinetics of Protein-protein Interactions and Allosteric Ligand Effects

We evaluate and compare the sensitivity of gold nanodisks on silica substrates and nanoholes made in silica-supported gold films, two of the most common sensor structures used in plasmonic biosensing. An alumina overcoat was applied by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to precisely control the interfacial refractive index and determine the evanescent plasmonic field decay length. The results are in good agreement with analytical models and biomolecular binding experiments for the two substrates. We found that nanodisks outperform nanoholes for thin dielectric coatings ( ∼20 nm). The optimum nanoplasmonic transducer element for a given biorecognition reaction can be chosen based on experimentally determined bulk sensitivities/noise levels and theoretically estimated evanescent field decay lengths.

Influence of the Evanescent Field Decay Length on the Sensitivity of Plasmonic Nanodisks and Nanoholes

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/53850/1/biosensors-01-00070.pdf

Review of Transducer Principles for Label-Free Biomolecular Interaction Analysis

In recent years, the technology readiness level of next‐generation lithium–sulfur (Li/S) batteries has shifted from coin cell to pouch cell dimensions. Promising optimizations of the electrodes, electrolytes, active materials, and additives lead to improved performance and cycling stability. However, new challenges arise with the pouch cell design and engineering (including electrode stacking and electrolyte filling), which influence the mechanistic processes of the cell. This study presents an unprecedented multimodal operando investigation of Li/S batteries on a pouch cell level and provides an inside view of material transformations during battery cycling, using X‐ray radiography, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and spatially resolved temperature monitoring. With the comparison of two different electrolytes, new experimental details about sulfur and lithium sulfide deposition and dissolution processes are revealed and related to electrolyte and temperature distribution. Operando impedance measurements on monolayer pouch cells yield a clear correlation of electrochemical and macroscopic radiographic observations. Understanding the monolayer cells’ behavior represents an optimal foundation for further studies on multilayer pouch cell prototypes and demonstrators with the developed operando setup. Herein the proof of principle for correlated measurement methods on pouch cell level is shown, and the experimental proof of concept for sulfur crystal suppression in sparingly solvating electrolyte is visualized.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aenm.202103432

Operando Radiography and Multimodal Analysis of Lithium–Sulfur Pouch Cells—Electrolyte Dependent Morphology Evolution at the Cathode

Es wird eine Vorrichtung zur Gasanalyse eines Gasgemischs angegeben mit einem Konverter zur Umwandlung einer ersten Gaskomponente in eine Zielgaskomponente, einem Sensorsystem zur Detektion der Zielgaskomponente oder einer anderen Komponente des Gasgemischs nach der Umwandlung durch den Konverter, wobei der Konverter ausgestaltet ist, die Konzentration einer zweiten Gaskomponente zu verandern oder eine Umwandlung in einer zweiten Zielgaskomponente zu bewirken, das Sensorsystem ausgestaltet ist, die Konzentration der zweiten Gaskomponente oder der zweiten Zielgaskomponente zu bestimmen, eine Auswerteeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, ausgestaltet, anhand der Konzentration der zweiten Gaskomponente oder der zweiten Zielgaskomponente einen Wert fur die Alterung des Konverters zu ermitteln.

Überwachung der funktionalität eines konverters eines atemanalysegerätes

Abstract The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) technology is the most promising candidate for next-generation batteries due to its high theoretical specific energy and steady progress for applications requiring lightweight batteries such as aviation or heavy electric vehicles. For these applications, however, the rate capability of Li-S cells requires significant improvement. Advanced electrolyte formulations in Li-S batteries enable new pathways for cell development and adjustment of all components. However, their rate capability at pouch cell level is often neither evaluated nor compared to state of the art (SOTA) LiTFSI/dimethoxyethane/dioxolane (LITFSI: lithium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide) electrolyte. Herein, the combination of the sparingly polysulfide (PS) solvating hexylmethylether/1,2-dimethoxyethane (HME/DME) electrolyte and highly conductive carbon nanotube Buckypaper (CNT-BP) with low porosity was evaluated in both coin and pouch cells and compared to dimethoxyethane/dioxolane reference electrolyte. An advanced sulfur transfer melt infiltration was employed for cathode production with CNT-BP. The Li + ion coordination in the HME/DME electrolyte was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, ionic conductivity and viscosity was investigated for the pristine electrolyte and a polysulfide-statured solution. Both electrolytes, DME/DOL-1/1 (DOL: 1,3-dioxolane) and HME/DME-8/2, are then combined with CNT-BP and transferred to multi-layered pouch cells. This study reveals that the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte increases drastically over state of (dis)charge especially for DME/DOL electrolyte and lean electrolyte regime leading to a better rate capability for the sparingly polysulfide solvating electrolyte. The evaluation in prototype cells is an important step towards bespoke adaption of Li-S batteries for practical applications. 

/pdf/the-role-of-polysulfide-saturation-in-electrolytes-for-high-losqcqc3.pdf

The role of polysulfide-saturation in electrolytes for high power applications of real world Li-S pouch cells

The invention relates to a device for the gas analysis of a gas mixture, comprising a converter for converting a first gas component into a target gas component, a sensor system for detecting the target gas component or another component of the gas mixture after the conversion by the converter, wherein the converter is designed to change the concentration of a second gas component or to cause a conversion to a second target gas component, the sensor system is designed to determine the concentration of the second gas component or of the second target gas component, and an evaluating apparatus is provided, which is designed to determine a value for the aging of the converter on the basis of the concentration of the second gas component or of the second target gas component.

Florian Reuter

Papers

Review of Transducer Principles for Label-Free Biomolecular Interaction Analysis

Operando Radiography and Multimodal Analysis of Lithium–Sulfur Pouch Cells—Electrolyte Dependent Morphology Evolution at the Cathode

Überwachung der funktionalität eines konverters eines atemanalysegerätes

The role of polysulfide-saturation in electrolytes for high power applications of real world Li-S pouch cells

Monitoring of the functionality of a converter of a breath analysis apparatus