https://genoplivning.dk/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/european-resuscitation-council-guidelines-for-resuscitation-2010-section-4-adult-advanced-life-support.pdf

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 4 Adult advanced life support

https://anestesiar.org/WP/uploads/2011/01/7-neonatos-ERC-2010.pdf

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 1. Executive summary.

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015

European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 3. Adult advanced life support.

https://nrr.org/wp-content/uploads/pdf/guidelines/ERC_guidelines/04_ERC_Guidelines_2005_Section4.pdf

European Resuscitation Council guidelines for resuscitation 2005. Section 4. Adult advanced life support.

The solvent of commercial amiodarone (Polysorbate 80) has been reported to produce haemodynamic responses in humans and in dogs similar to those produced by histamine infusion. We therefore evaluated the correlation between hypotension induced by the solvent of amiodarone and its histamine-releasing properties in the awake dog.

Histamine-releasing properties of Polysorbate 80 in vitro and in vivo: correlation with its hypotensive action in the dog.

Histamine is released into the systemic circulation during anaphylaxis, by drugs and surgical procedures. Studies in animal models have shown that released histamine is one of the major mediators of arrhythmia occurring during anaphylaxis or the administration of histamine-releasing drugs. The variations in plasma histamine levels in dogs with a subacute coronary thrombosis were investigated and the effects of dimaprit and cimetidine on the electrocardiographic consequence of this thrombosis and on histamine release were assessed. During the first day after the myocardial infarction a ventricular arrhythmia developed and plasma histamine levels were found significantly increased, returning to the basal values when the sinusal rhythm was restored. Dimaprit was able to decrease the number of ventricular extrasystoles and to modulate plasma histamine levels. The action of dimaprit on ECG was not reversed by pretreatment with cimetidine, which on the contrary was able to antagonize the decrease in plasma histamine concentrations induced by dimaprit perfusion.

Histamine release during an experimental coronary thrombosis in awake dog

The intracellular electrophysiologic properties of a new antiarrhythmic substance, penticainide, were studied in isolated rabbit, dog, and guinea pig myocardial preparations superfused or perfused with oxygenated Tyrode's solution. "Therapeutic" concentrations of penticainide (1.5 to 3 X 10(-5) M) had little effect on sinus node automaticity; sinoatrial conduction was slightly delayed. In atrial, Purkinje and ventricular fibers, amplitude, and maximal rate of rise of phase O (dV/dtmax) were decreased by penticainide; Purkinje-ventricle conduction velocity was depressed. Penticainide did not significantly modify action potential duration (APD) of rabbit atria and dog ventricle and reduced APD and effective refractory period (ERP) of dog Purkinje and guinea pig ventricular fibers. Penticainide reduced APD heterogeneity of Purkinje-ventricle junction with a preferential effect at the gate and decreased tension amplitude of perfused papillary muscle in dog heart. The effect of penticainide on dV/dtmax was voltage and rate dependent; the resting block was weak. Thus, penticainide is a class 1 antiarrhythmic agent with properties of class 1B agents such as APD reduction and properties of class 1C agents such as slow recovery kinetic of rate-dependent block.

Francis Pezziardi

Papers

Histamine-releasing properties of Polysorbate 80 in vitro and in vivo: correlation with its hypotensive action in the dog.

Histamine release during an experimental coronary thrombosis in awake dog

Electrophysiological studies of penticainide (CM 7857), a new antiarrhythmic agent, in mammalian myocardium.