자연주의적 탐구조사(Naturalistic Inquiry)

Data Mining Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques

How has Japan become a major economic power, a world leader in the automotive and electronics industries? What is the secret of their success? The consensus has been that, though the Japanese are not particularly innovative, they are exceptionally skilful at imitation, at improving products that already exist. But now two leading Japanese business experts, Ikujiro Nonaka and Hiro Takeuchi, turn this conventional wisdom on its head: Japanese firms are successful, they contend, precisely because they are innovative, because they create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products and technologies. Examining case studies drawn from such firms as Honda, Canon, Matsushita, NEC, 3M, GE, and the U.S. Marines, this book reveals how Japanese companies translate tacit to explicit knowledge and use it to produce new processes, products, and services.

The knowledge-creating company : how Japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation

‘The Production of Space’, in: Frans Jacobi, Imagine, Space Poetry, Copenhagen, 1996, unpaginated.

The Production of Space

The power of feedback.

Introduction 1. Making Social Science Relevant: Policy Inquiry in Critical Perspective PUBLIC POLICY AND THE DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY 2. Constructing Policy Theory: Ideas and Discourse 3. Public Policy and Discourse Construct: Multiple Realities and Interpretative Understanding PUBLIC POLICY AND DISCURSIVE POLITICS 4. Public Policy and Discursive Analysis 5. Policy Discourse versus Advocacy Coalitions: Interpreting Policy Change and Learning DISCURSIVE POLICY INQUIRY: RESTITUTING EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS 6. Postempiricist Foundations: Social Constructionism and Practical Discourse 7. Interpreting Public Policy: Analytical and Methodological Perspectives 8. Public Policy as Narrative: Stories, Frames, and Metanarratives 9. The Argumentative Turn: Policy Analysis as Discursive Practice DELIBERATIVE GOVERNANCE 10. Citizens and Experts: Democratizing Policy Deliberations 11. The Deliberative Policy Analyst: Theoretical Issues and Practical Challenges

Reframing Public Policy: Discursive Politics and Deliberative Practices

Part 1 The argumentative turn: policy institutions and practices: Policy discourse and the politics of Washington think tanks, Frank Fischer Discourse coalitions and the institutionalization of practice - the case of acid rain in Great Britain, Maarten Hajer Political judgement and the policy cycle - the case of ethnicity arguments in the Netherlands, Robert Hoppe Counsel and consensus - norms of argumentation in health policy, Bruce Jennings. Part 2 Analytical concepts - frames, tropes, and narratives: Survey research as rhetorical trope - electric power planning arguments in Chicago, J.A. Throgmorton Frame reflective policy discourse, Martin Rein and Donald Schon Reading policy narratives - beginning, middle, and end, Thomas J. Kaplan Learning from practice stories - the priority of practical judgement, John Forester. Part 3 Theoretical perspectives: Policy anlysis and planning - from science to argumentation, John Dryzek Planning through debate - the communicative turn in planning theory, Patsy Healey Policy reforms as arguments, William Dunn Two worlds of policy discourse - consensual versus adversarial proposal selection, Duncan MacRae.

http://www.untag-smd.ac.id/files/Perpustakaan_Digital_2/POLICY%20ANALYSIS%20The%20Argumentative%20turn%20in%20policy%20analysis%20and%20planning.pdf

The argumentative turn in policy analysis and planning

concerns descend into fear, which is amplified by parts of the media . . . We need, therefore, a robust engaging dialogue with the public. We need to re-establish trust and confidence in the way that science can demonstrate new opportunities, and offer new solutions.' Nowhere is public concern over scientific advances and expert judgement more evident than in the sphere of the environment, chiefly because there is a clear link between many of the current debates surrounding issues such as GMOs and climate change, and concern over public health. It is the crucial issue of the tension between expert/scientific opinion, and citizen knowledge and participation related to the environment, that Fischer addresses in this book. The book is presented in four parts. The first sets the scene and reviews the literature on the interrelated themes of democratic theory, public participation, environmental policy and sociology of science, drawing valuable links between different elements of these diverse fields. Fischer draws heavily on the work of a number of well-known authors including Foucault, Wynne and especially Beck. Beck's (1992) 'risk society' is used as the 'theoretical backdrop' to Fischer's book, starting with the proposition that although technical and scientific progress was traditionally celebrated for producing material goods and thereby increasing social welfare, 'more and more people have come to recognise that technical risks involved in the production of many of these goods have risen to such a level that they become more troublesome than the traditional risks associated with material scarcity' (p. 49). Development of the theory and practice of environmental risks as a result of the production of material goods is the specific theme of Part n. This section is particularly useful in offering a wide range of case studies illustrating different risks mainly from the United States and Europe. Part II concludes with an interesting discussion of NIMB Yism and NIAB Yism and their roots in public distrust of science. Fischer follows the sentiments of authors such as Slovic (1993) in arguing that risk assessments conducted by scientists often do little or nothing to persuade the general public that particular technologies are relatively safe, and therefore should be socially acceptable. He argues that the public has rejected traditional risk assessment because it is based mainly cm technical

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/30301946.pdf

Citizens, Experts and the Environment: The Politics of Local Knowledge

Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is often based on written argumentative discourse of learners, who discuss their perspectives on a problem with the goal to acquire knowledge. Lately, CSCL research focuses on the facilitation of specific processes of argumentative knowledge construction, e.g., with computer-supported collaboration scripts. In order to refine process-oriented instructional support, such as scripts, we need to measure the influence of scripts on specific processes of argumentative knowledge construction. In this article, we propose a multi-dimensional approach to analyze argumentative knowledge construction in CSCL from sampling and segmentation of the discourse corpora to the analysis of four process dimensions (participation, epistemic, argumentative, social mode).

/pdf/a-framework-to-analyze-argumentative-knowledge-construction-4tqey53rix.pdf

Frank Fischer

Papers

Reframing Public Policy: Discursive Politics and Deliberative Practices

The argumentative turn in policy analysis and planning

Citizens, Experts and the Environment: The Politics of Local Knowledge

A framework to analyze argumentative knowledge construction in computer-supported collaborative learning

Technocracy and the Politics of Expertise.