Originally published in Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 1994, Vol 39(2), 225. Reviews the book, The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion by John Zaller (1992). The author's commendable effort to specify a model of mass opinion formation offers readers an introduction to the prevailing vi

The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion.

Series Editor's Preface. Introduction by John Breuilly. Acknowledgements. 1. Definitions. State and nation. The nation. 2. Culture in Agrarian Society. Power and culture in the agro-literature society. The varieties of agrarian rulers. 3. Industrial Society. The society of perpetual growth. Social genetics. The age of universal high culture. 4. The Transition to an Age of Nationalism. A note on the weakness of nationalism. Wild and garden culture. 5. What is a Nation. The course of true nationalism never did run smooth. 6. Social Entropy and Equality in Industrial Society. Obstacles to entropy. Fissures and barriers. A diversity of focus. 7. A Typology of Nationalisms. The varieties of nationalist experience. Diaspora nationalism. 8. The Future of Nationalism. Industrial culture - one or many?. 9. Nationalism and Ideology. Who is for Nuremberg?. One nation, one state. 10. Conclusion. What is not being said. Summary. Select bibliography. Bilbliography of Ernest Gellner's writing: Ian Jarvie. Index

Nations and Nationalism

What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

The Political Consciousness of Post-Industrialism@@@The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles among Western Publics.

Resena del libro:
Politics in Time. History, Institutions and Social Analysis.
PAUL PIERSON. Princeton University Press. New Jersey, 2004. 196 p.

/pdf/politics-in-time-history-institutions-and-social-analysis-8pgfcprsc8.pdf

Politics in Time: History, Institutions and Social Analysis

Introduction 1. What is European Defence? 2. The Internationalization of European Armed Forces 3. The Europeanization of Foreign Policy 4. European Security In Crisis 5. Constructing European Defence Conclusion References

European Defence Policy: Beyond the Nation State

The past 15 years have witnessed a steep growth in world trade. Almost half of that growth is due to the increased integration of the European economies, The European Union's (EU) decisions to complete the single market and move towards a common currency have created a single set of rules governing economic activity in Europe. We argue that these changes imply a process of 'Europeanization' of Europe's economies. As a result, the largest European corporations have increasingly focused their investments across Europe and worked to gain market share within the EU. Our results imply that at least part of what we call globalization is the result of states' deciding to build rules for market integration in Europe. States continue to play an essential role in market building.

/pdf/globalization-or-europeanization-evidence-on-the-european-2hfti5l76n.pdf

Globalization or Europeanization? Evidence on the European Economy Since 1980*

A growing number of scholars argue that the development of the common security and defence policy (CSDP) should be analysed as the institutionalization of a system of security governance. Although governance approaches carry the promise of a sophisticated, empirically grounded picture of CSDP, they have been criticized for their lack of attention to power. This is because governance approaches focus on institutional rules and ideas rather than the social structure that underpins them. To refine the notion of security governance, this article analyses co-operation patterns through social network analysis. Confirming the governance image, it maps out a complex constellation of CSDP actors that features cross-border and cross-level ties between different national and EU policy actors. It is also found, however, that CSDP is dominated by a handful of traditional state actors – in particular, Brussels-based national ambassadors – who retain strategic positions vis-a-vis weaker supranational and non-state actors. These actors are not giving up on state power, but reconstituting it at the supranational level.

/pdf/governance-and-state-power-a-network-analysis-of-european-2w60ijmd8t.pdf

Governance and State Power: A Network Analysis of European Security

This paper uses an analytical framework derived from Pierre Bourdieu's sociology to explain the genesis of the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP). Long-term social and institutional processes at work in the making of ESDP are addressed through an emphasis on the institutionalization of social fields, the impact of structural crises, and the socialization of policy makers into specific schemes of perception and action (habitus). Two arguments follow from this framework. First, the paper shows that the creation of ESDP after 1998 would have been impossible without the prior institutionalization of two transgovernmental arenas: (1) the European foreign policy field, wherein EU diplomats vie for influence over EU policies; and (2) the international defense field, centered upon military relations within NATO. Second, ESDP results from the strategies of a number of diplomats and military leaders who, following the end of the Cold War, perceived that they faced important organizational crises in their r...

Pierre Bourdieu and the Birth of European Defense

Why are international institutions designed in one way and not another? Using the European security and defence policy (ESDP) as a case study, this article suggests that the social representations dominating the national and organizational world of institution-makers are key to our understanding the shape and content of an emerging institution of international security cooperation.A focus on social representations, which are the product of institutional practices, helps to break the interest/idea dichotomy that underpins most theories of preference formation when they try to explain institutional designs.This article shows that foreign and defence policy-makers from France, Germany and the United Kingdom have shaped ESDP by projecting their respective social representations, notably with regard to the role of the state, the nature of security challenges and the purpose of their organization.

Frédéric Mérand

Papers

European Defence Policy: Beyond the Nation State

Globalization or Europeanization? Evidence on the European Economy Since 1980*

Governance and State Power: A Network Analysis of European Security

Pierre Bourdieu and the Birth of European Defense

Social Representations in the European Security and Defence Policy