Frederick J. Rich

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether one or a few coupling functions can represent best the interaction between the solar wind and the magnetosphere over a wide variety of magnetospheric activity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make direct comparisons between GPS maps of total electron content (TEC) over the North American continent, Millstone Hill radar observations of storm enhanced density, and low and high-altitude satellite measurements of the perturbation of the outer plasmasphere during the March 31, 2001 geomagnetic storm.

TL;DR: In this paper, a global view of large-scale ionospheric disturbances during the main phase of a major geomagnetic storm is presented, showing that the low-latitude, auroral, and polar latitude regions are coupled by processes that redistribute thermal plasma throughout the system.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that the high-latitude ion drift peak coincides with the boundary plasma sheet/central plasma sheet transition in the high ionospheric conductivity (>15 mho) region.

TL;DR: In this article, a nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (MSTID) was observed by an airglow imager at Shigaraki (34.9°N, 25.4°MLAT), Japan, on 17 May 2001.