To say that this is the best book on the quantum theory of fields is no praise, since to my knowledge it is the only book on this subject But it is a very good and most useful book The original was written in German and appeared in 1942 This is a translation with some minor changes A few remarks have been added, concerning meson theory and nuclear forces, also footnotes referring to modern work in this field, and finally an appendix on the symmetrization of the energy momentum tensor according to Belinfante Quantum Theory of Fields Prof Gregor Wentzel Translated from the German by Charlotte Houtermans and J M Jauch Pp ix + 224, (New York and London: Interscience Publishers, Inc, 1949) 36s

Quantum Theory of Fields

The identity of dark matter is a question of central importance in both astrophysics and particle physics. In the past, the leading particle candidates were cold and collisionless, and typically predicted missing energy signals at particle colliders. However, recent progress has greatly expanded the list of well-motivated candidates and the possible signatures of dark matter. This review begins with a brief summary of the standard model of particle physics and its outstanding problems. We then discuss several dark matter candidates motivated by these problems, including WIMPs, superWIMPs, light gravitinos, hidden dark matter, sterile neutrinos, and axions. For each of these, we critically examine the particle physics motivations and present their expected production mechanisms, basic properties, and implications for direct and indirect detection, particle colliders, and astrophysical observations. Upcoming experiments will discover or exclude many of these candidates, and progress may open up an era of unprecedented synergy between studies of the largest and smallest observable length scales.

/pdf/dark-matter-candidates-from-particle-physics-and-methods-of-2sms97o5wt.pdf

Dark Matter Candidates from Particle Physics and Methods of Detection

The identity of dark matter is a question of central importance in both astrophysics and particle physics. In the past, the leading particle candidates were cold and collisionless, and typically predicted missing energy signals at particle colliders. However, recent progress has greatly expanded the list of well-motivated candidates and the possible signatures of dark matter. This review begins with a brief summary of the standard model of particle physics and its outstanding problems. I then discuss several dark matter candidates motivated by these problems, including weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), superWIMPs, light gravitinos, hidden dark matter, sterile neutrinos, and axions. For each of these, I critically examine the particle physics motivations and present their expected production mechanisms, basic properties, and implications for direct and indirect detection, particle colliders, and astrophysical observations. Upcoming experiments will discover or exclude many of these candidates, and progress may open up an era of unprecedented synergy between studies of the largest and smallest observable length scales.

R-Parity-violating supersymmetry

Aspects of Split Supersymmetry

Gravitino Dark Matter without R-parity

We investigate supergravity models in which the lightest supersymmetricparticle (LSP) is a stable gravitino. We assume that the next-lightest supersymmetricparticle (NLSP) freezes out with its thermal relic density before decayingto the gravitino at time $t\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{4}\ensuremath{-}{10}^{8}\mathrm{s}$.In contrast to studies that assume a fixed gravitino relic density, the thermalrelic density assumption implies upper, not lower, bounds on superpartnermasses, with important implications for particle colliders. We consider slepton,sneutrino, and neutralino NLSPs, and determine what superpartner masses areviable in all of these cases, applying cosmic microwave background (CMB) andelectromagnetic and hadronic big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) constraints tothe leading two- and three-body NLSP decays. Hadronic constraints have beenneglected previously, but we find that they provide the most stringent constraintsin much of the natural parameter space. We then discuss the collider phenomenologyof supergravity with a gravitino LSP. We find that colliders may provide importantinsights to clarify BBN and the thermal history of the Universe below temperaturesaround 10 GeV and may even provide precise measurements of thegravitino's mass and couplings.

Supergravity with a gravitino lightest supersymmetric particle

We consider big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) with long-lived charged massive particles. Before decaying, the long-lived charged particle recombines with a light element to form a bound state like a hydrogen atom. This effect modifies the nuclear-reaction rates during the BBN epoch through the modifications of the Coulomb field and the kinematics of the captured light elements, which can change the light element abundances. It is possible for heavier nuclei abundances such as $^{7}\mathrm{Li}$ and $^{7}\mathrm{Be}$ to decrease sizably, while the ratios ${Y}_{p}$, D/H, and $^{3}\mathrm{He}/\mathrm{H}$ remain unchanged. This may solve the current discrepancy between the BBN prediction and the observed abundance of $^{7}\mathrm{Li}$. If future collider experiments find signals of a long-lived charged particle inside the detector, the information of its lifetime and decay properties could provide insights into not only the particle physics models but also the phenomena in the early Universe, in turn.

Big bang nucleosynthesis with long-lived charged massive particles

We analyse the cosmic-ray signatures of decaying gravitino dark matter in a model-independent way based on an operator analysis. Thermal leptogenesis and universal boundary conditions at the GUT scale restrict the gravitino mass to be below 600 GeV. Electron and positron fluxes from gravitino decays, together with the standard GALPROP background, cannot explain both the PAMELA positron fraction and the electron + positron flux recently measured by Fermi LAT. For gravitino dark matter, the observed fluxes require astrophysical sources. The measured antiproton flux allows for a sizable contribution of decaying gravitinos to the gamma-ray spectrum, in particular a line at an energy below 300 GeV. Future measurements of the gamma-ray flux will provide important constraints on possible signatures of decaying gravitino dark matter at the LHC.

/pdf/probing-gravitino-dark-matter-with-pamela-and-fermi-4bekcsil6c.pdf

Probing Gravitino Dark Matter with PAMELA and Fermi

We analyze the cosmic-ray signatures of decaying gravitino dark matter in a model independent way based on an operator analysis. Thermal leptogenesis and universal boundary conditions at the GUT scale restrict the gravitino mass to be below 600 GeV. Electron and positron fluxes from gravitino decays, together with the standard GALPROP background, cannot explain both, the PAMELA positron fraction and the electron + positron flux recently measured by Fermi LAT. For gravitino dark matter, the observed fluxes require astrophysical sources. The measured antiproton flux allows for a sizable contribution of decaying gravitinos to the gamma-ray spectrum, in particular a line at an energy below 300 GeV. Future measurements of the gamma-ray flux will provide important constraints on possible signatures of decaying gravitino dark matter at the LHC.

/pdf/probing-gravitino-dark-matter-with-pamela-and-fermi-5fynck9vvg.pdf

Fumihiro Takayama

Papers

Gravitino Dark Matter without R-parity

Supergravity with a gravitino lightest supersymmetric particle

Big bang nucleosynthesis with long-lived charged massive particles

Probing Gravitino Dark Matter with PAMELA and Fermi

Probing Gravitino Dark Matter with PAMELA and Fermi