応用水文 = Applied hydrology

Exploring and identifying structure is even more important for multivariate data than univariate data, given the difficulties in graphically presenting multivariate data and the comparative lack of parametric models to represent it. Unfortunately, such exploration is also inherently more difficult.

Multivariate Density Estimation

IAEG Commission No. 1—Engineering Geological Maps—is developing a guide to hazard maps. Scientists from 17 countries have participated. This paper is one of a series that presents the results of that work. It provides a general review of GIS landslide mapping techniques and basic concepts of landslide mapping. Three groups of maps are considered: maps of spatial incidence of landslides, maps of spatial–temporal incidence and forecasting of landslides and maps of assessment of the consequences of landslides. With the current era of powerful microcomputers and widespread use of GIS packages, large numbers of papers on the subject are becoming available, frequently founded on different basic concepts. In order to achieve a better understanding and comparison, the concepts proposed by Varnes (Landslide hazard zonation: a review of principles and practice, 1984) and Fell (Some landslide risk zoning schemes in use in Eastern Australua and their application 1992; Landslide risk assessment and acceptable risk. Can Geotech J 31:261–272, 1994) are taken as references. It is hoped this will also add to the international usefulness of these maps as tools for landslide prevention and mitigation. Six hundred and sixty one papers and books related to the topic are included in the references, many of which are reviewed in the text.

Engineering geology maps: landslides and geographical information systems

Why Big Fierce Animals are Rare: An Ecologist's Perspective. By Paul Colinvaux. Pp.236. (Princeton University Press: New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1978.) $9.50.

How Nature works

Experimental characterization of shrinkage and desiccation cracking in thin clay layer

The seismic response of soil-structure system depends on the characteristics of the input motion, site conditions and structure itself. In a seismic soil-structure interaction analysis, it is necessary to consider the infinite extent and layered nature of the soil, and the nonlinear behaviour of soils. This paper presents the seismic soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis of a ventilation stack located in a nuclear power plant site. The SSI analysis was carried out by the flexible volume substructure method using computer program SASSI 2000. The influence of various parameters such as relative stiffness of the layers of the site, thickness of soil layer and foundation embedment on the interaction behaviour of the stack is investigated. The nonlinear soil behaviour is modelled by using site-specific modulus reduction and damping ratio curves developed from the laboratory experiments. It is found that the seismic response at the various levels of the stack shows a strong dependence on the relati...

Seismic soil-structure interaction analysis of tall slender structures

Weaker sections of a railway track, such as the approach sections, are prone to differential settlement under the action of repeated train loads. The railway tracks degrade more quickly at a critical section adjacent to a traditional rail bridge because of progressive deterioration. Opting for an integral abutment instead of a traditional bridge is gaining importance due to its improved performance in terms of track stiffness and reduced settlement. It is essential to understand such issues with the appropriate methodologies. This study investigates the behavior of an integral abutment bridge with the transition zone subjected to train loading. Generally, the transition zone is a two-part wedge section consisting of unbound granular material and cement bound mixture. A field monitored traditional abutment bridge system is used to validate the developed two-dimensional Finite Element (FE) model. The model is further developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of the transition zone against the varying speeds of the train. The parametric study is performed on the transition zone by varying its geometric configurations and considering different materials for the backfill. The results indicate that the trapezoidal approach slab influences the track displacement significantly. The transition zone thickness and material properties of the backfill have a greater effect on the overall track response. Based on the results, the stable transition zones are identified to cater to the gradual stiffness variation during train–track interaction.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/7/4118/pdf?version=1648692432

Dynamic Behavior of the Transition Zone of an Integral Abutment Bridge

This paper presents the strain profiles obtained along the height of the seepage barriers of the earth dam. The seepage barriers are employed in the permeable dam section in order to obstruct the s...

G. R. Dodagoudar

Papers

Seismic soil-structure interaction analysis of tall slender structures

Dynamic Behavior of the Transition Zone of an Integral Abutment Bridge

Finite-element analysis of strains in seepage barriers of the earth dam

Nonlinear seismic response analysis of selected sites in Chennai

Explainable machine learning model for liquefaction potential assessment of soils using XGBoost-SHAP