The term photonic crystals appears because of the analogy between electron waves in crystals and the light waves in artificial periodic dielectric structures. During the recent years the investigation of one-, two-and three-dimensional periodic structures has attracted a widespread attention of the world optics community because of great potentiality of such structures in advanced applied optical fields. The interest in periodic structures has been stimulated by the fast development of semiconductor technology that now allows the fabrication of artificial structures, whose period is comparable with the wavelength of light in the visible and infrared ranges.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/6354/16969/00781867.pdf

Photonic crystals

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Design Of Analog Cmos Integrated Circuits

Optical Waveguide Theory

Seventy five years ago, three remarkable papers by Schr¨ odinger, Kennard and Darwin were published. They were devoted to the evolution of Gaussian wave packets for an oscillator, a free particle and a particle moving in uniform constant electric and magnetic fields. From the contemporary point of view, these packets can be considered as prototypes of the coherent and squeezed states, which are, in a sense, the cornerstones of modern quantum optics. Moreover, these states are frequently used in many other areas, from solid state physics to cosmology. This paper gives a review of studies performed in the field of so-called ‘nonclassical states’ (squeezed states are their simplest representatives) over the past seventy five years, both in quantum optics and in other branches of quantum physics. My starting point is to elucidate who introduced different concepts, notions and terms, when, and what were the initial motivations of the authors. Many new references have been found which enlarge the ‘standard citation package’ used by some authors, recovering many undeservedly forgotten (or unnoticed) papers and names. Since it is practically impossible to cite several thousand publications, I have tried to include mainly references to papers introducing new types of quantum states and studying their properties, omitting many publications devoted to applications and to the methods of generation and experimental schemes, which can be found in other well known reviews. I also mainly concentrate on the initial period, which terminated approximately at the border between the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, when several fundamental experiments on the generation of squeezed states were performed and the first conferences devoted to squeezed and ‘nonclassical’ states commenced. The 1990s are described in a more ‘squeezed’ manner: I have confined myself to references to papers where some new concepts have been introduced, and to the most recent reviews or papers with extensive bibliographical lists.

/pdf/nonclassical-states-in-quantum-optics-a-squeezed-review-of-1899ims4cu.pdf

'Nonclassical' states in quantum optics: a 'squeezed' review of the first 75 years

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a solid dielectric antenna having a non-uniform spatial distribution of relative permittivity.

System and dielectric antenna with non-uniform dielectric

Gate capacitance modeling and width-dependent performance of graphene nanoribbon transistors

Variational analysis of propagation characteristics in thermally diffused expanded core fibers

The effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the ultimate performance of a dual-gated graphene nanoribbon field-effect transistor (GNR-FET) are studied using a fully analytical model based on effective mass approximation and semiclassical ballistic transport. The model incorporates the effects of edge bond relaxation and third nearest neighbor (3NN) interaction. To calculate the performance metrics of GNR-FETs, analytical expressions are used for the charge density, quantum capacitance, and drain current as functions of both gate and drain voltages. It is found that the current under a fixed bias can change several times with applied uniaxial strain and these changes are strongly related to strain-induced changes in both band gap and effective mass of the GNR. Intrinsic switching delay time, cutoff frequency, and Ion/Ioff ratio are also calculated for various uniaxial strain values. The results indicate that the variation in both cutoff frequency and Ion/Ioff ratio versus applied tensile strain inversely corresponds to that of the band gap and effective mass. Although a significant high frequency and switching performance can be achieved by uniaxial strain engineering, tradeoff issues should be carefully considered.

/pdf/analytical-modeling-of-uniaxial-strain-effects-on-the-4ptglr384v.pdf

Analytical modeling of uniaxial strain effects on the performance of double-gate graphene nanoribbon field-effect transistors.

We numerically calculate the coupling loss coefficients of Laser Diode (LD) to high numerical aperture (HNA) thermally expanded core (TEC) fiber coupling in terms of lateral, longitudinal and angular misalignments. The propagating fields in the HNA-TEC fiber are obtained by Galerkin’s method and the coupling loss coefficients are calculated by the overlap integral technique. Our numerical results are compared with recently available experimental data. It is demonstrated that, in HNA-TEC fibers the lateral and longitudinal tolerances were effectively enlarged in comparison with those of conventional SMF-28. It is also found that TEC fibers are good candidates for free-space LD-to-fiber optical coupling scheme with long working distance. However, the angular tolerance of the HNA-TEC fiber is lower than that of the SMF-28.

George S. Kliros

Papers

Gate capacitance modeling and width-dependent performance of graphene nanoribbon transistors

Variational analysis of propagation characteristics in thermally diffused expanded core fibers

Analytical modeling of uniaxial strain effects on the performance of double-gate graphene nanoribbon field-effect transistors.

Coupling characteristics of laser diodes to high numerical aperture thermally expanded core fibers

Modal and coupling characteristics of low-order modes in thermally diffused expanded core fibers