Showing papers by "Gerd Binnig published in 1993"
TL;DR: The plasma frequency of the carriers is found to increase upon cooling, a very unusual phenomenon which, together with Hall-effect measurements, may imply that the effective mass of the carrier decreases upon cooling.
Abstract: The temperature dependence of infrared reflection spectra of single crystals of n-type strontium titanate doped with 0.3 to 1.5 at. % niobium are reported from 10 to 5 000 cm -1 in the temperature range 80-900 K. Results are analyzed by means of various factorized forms of the dielectric function. A decoupling scheme allows the temperature dependence of the plasmon to be deduced. The plasma frequency of the carriers is found to increase upon cooling, a very unusual phenomenon which, together with Hall-effect measurements, may imply that the effective mass of the carriers decreases upon cooling
102 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a promising new method for studying the surface structure of both conductors and insulators as discussed by the authors, achieving a resolution better than 2.5 A.
Abstract: The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a promising new method for studying the surface structure of both conductors and insulators. In mapping a graphite surface with an insulating stylus, we have achieved a resolution better than 2.5 A.
87 citations