Within the scientific institution, action research designates a type of conduct with its own peculiarities. However, as the different histories of action research demonstrate, the term itself has seen periods of greater or lesser popularity, and the procedures it has qualified have also experienced remarkable evolutions. Nowadays, action research and intervention research are largely presented as similar and even confused. In the universe of teaching, action research, whilst vividly present in the education, renovation and even management devices, is seldom regarded as a research procedure. This article examines the way in which action research interferes with this object of research constituted by the teaching practices. We question, in particular, the fact that the model of action research (which mobilizes a collective dimension) suffers the competition, in the process of professionalization of teaching, of the reflective practitioner model (more based on an individual dimension). If there is a tradition of action research and if the characteristics of this procedure continue to influence the research on education, this happens today in a field of research that is about to be redefined, including the socio-clinical studies and the work of those researchers that call themselves practitioners-researchers. The transformations that a research can generate in a given space do not exhaust its objectives; on the contrary, they allow the production of knowledges with their own peculiarities, especially that of exploring social dynamics more than supposedly static situations.

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Transformar as práticas para conhecê-las: pesquisa-ação e profissionalização docente

Cette these se situe au croisement des reflexions epistemologiques, heuristiques et praxeologiques que souleve la prise en charge des demandes sociales en education. Elle est issue d’une recherche commanditee par une collectivite territoriale. Elle s’inscrit dans une recherche-intervention de type accompagnement de la decision politique dans laquelle un observatoire « vivre sa jeunesse » est co-elabore. Ce dispositif collaboratif, positionne comme tiers-espace socio-scientifique entre le monde scientifique et le monde social provoque deux types de rencontres, d’un cote des chercheurs et des acteurs sociaux et de l’autre, des decideurs politiques et des jeunes citoyens. Cette these etudie le processus de circulation des savoirs pluriels en jeu dans une recherche-intervention au travers de ses dynamiques epistemiques d’ordre a la fois socio-cognitif et socio-politique. Le cadre theorique s’est construit sur l’articulation de trois composantes theoriques que sont la sociologie de la traduction, la spirale de connaissances et la notion d’emancipation. Deux dispositifs d’enquete sont mobilises aupres des jeunes du territoire ainsi que de quatre elus locaux et de quatre jeunes enroles dans l’observatoire. Les resultats de ce travail montrent une forme interactive et iterative de co-construction de connaissances et de savoirs qui est rendue possible par leur explicitation, leur partage, leur interaction continue et leur formalisation progressive. Ils revelent aussi des freins et des leviers a la co-production de savoirs pluri-epistemologiques, c’est-a-dire qui disposent d’une legitimite differente des formes traditionnelles de production de savoirs en comportant a la fois une validite scientifique et sociale. La dimension emancipatrice d’un tel processus cognitif pour les contributeurs enroles est egalement mise en exergue et plus specifiquement le developpement du pouvoir d’agir des jeunes et la legitimation de leur droit a la Cite.

https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01898218/document

Circulation de savoirs pluriels et émancipation des acteurs sociaux : le cas d'un observatoire "vivre sa jeunesse" dans une recherche-intervention

This article debates one of the basic concepts of Institutional Analysis: implication. For that purpose, brings two other concepts that stem from it: over implication and professional implication. Both rather important for the implications analyses process. Pointing out that implication analyses is a collective work, the text board the devices that those analyses can construct. Bringing examples of different spaces, in the school, in the university, in the hospital, it is analysed the tendency to give a universitarian form to the professions, when professionals are called to work their practical difficulties, doing it through the discourse, as used in the universities, as if the discursive analyses of the practice allowed the evolution of their practice.

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Implicação, sobreimplicação e implicação profissional

Para analisar a implicacao na pesquisa-intervencao institucionalista, aprofundo o conceito na Analise Institucional de Rene Lourau e na Esquizoanalise de Gilles Deleuze e Felix Guattari, buscando disjuncoes e interfaces entre eles. Essas vertentes visam ao questionamento das relacoes de poder e ao incremento da producao coletiva, mas partem de pressupostos distintos acerca da instituicao e da intervencao. Se, por um lado, a Analise Institucional, embasada conceitualmente na dialetica hegeliana, utiliza dispositivos analisadores para fazer surgir o instituinte, por outro lado, a Esquizoanalise fundamenta-se na imanencia para liberar a invencao, por meio de praticas singulares, favorecendo a micropolitica. Nesse contexto, a implicacao e um conceito intercessor, que instaura uma desestabilizacao dessas vertentes cujos efeitos tentam recuperar o coletivo e a singularidade das redes de relacoes construidas, seja a partir das contradicoes entre instituido e instituinte, seja a partir dos agenciamentos e da exterioridade.

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O conceito de implicação e a pesquisa-intervenção institucionalista

This was a qualitative evaluation study aimed at both shedding light on the challenges and facilitating implementation of Kangaroo Care in Ministry of Health-accredited maternity care facilities in Brazil, from the standpoint of healthcare professionals and administrators and mothers of low birth weight newborns. Semi-structured on-site interviews were conducted at the maternity centers. The study used structural narrative analysis with the data analysis method. Key evaluative focal points identified were the method's importance in neonatal care and institutional support for its sustainability. As for the findings, the theoretical concept of institutional analysis was essential for achieving more in-depth reflection. Despite some resistance, the method is being implemented effectively in maternity care facilities; however, the study shows the need for periodic training and more resource allocation to enable improvement in the service's infrastructure, thereby resulting in more effective humanization of care.

https://www.scielosp.org/pdf/csp/2012.v28n5/935-944/pt

Avaliação da implantação do Método Canguru por gestores, profissionais e mães de recém-nascidos

A analise institucional das praticas sociais como uma das modalidades da socioclinica institucional supoe o manejo de tecnicas operatorias experimentais sobre diferentes dominios. Tenho, essencialmente, desenvolvido minhas pesquisas a partir de encomendas feitas pelas equipes de estabelecimentos ou de organizacoes. 2 Trabalho, ainda, no contexto de encomendas, de pesquisas feitas por grandes organizacoes privadas e estatais. Do meu ponto de vista, nao ha cisao entre essas diferentes modalidades de encomendas, ambas sao pesquisas que tratam da atualidade das questoes institucionais, em materia educativa, de saude ou social. Elas estao envolvidas tanto com as preocupacoes dos responsaveis, dos que decidem, quanto dos profissionais do campo. Ao trabalhar a partir das solicitacoes e das encomendas que as acompanham, e preciso reconhecer sua complexidade e os processos institucionais que as induzem. Cada um desses processos segue uma logica de institucionalizacao que comporta tensoes internas. A negatividade dos processos informa ao pesquisador a sua positividade. A distincao entre esses dois polos nao e imediatamente perceptivel; ela e produzida pelo trabalho analitico no qual os sujeitos envolvidos estao necessariamente associados.

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Técnicas socioclínicas para a análise institucional das práticas sociais

Pratiques socianalytiques et socio-clinique institutionnelle

Le reseau international francophone Recherche avec soutient le developpement de recherches qui associent directement les personnes concernees. Outre des rencontres internationales et interdisciplinaires, il developpe, via une plateforme numerique, des informations et outils pedagogiques visant la diffusion de ses questionnements et travaux. Les reflexions qu’il propose sont d’ordre ethique, epistemologique et methodologique. L’article montre comment le reseau constitue un dispositif dont la premiere qualite est de mettre ses membres en reflexivite sur leur propre maniere d’elaborer et de mener des recherches avec les personnes qu’elles impliquent. Il montre aussi quel type de resultats produit la recherche avec. L’objectif n’est pas d’apporter des recommandations pour une meilleure maniere de faire de la recherche mais il propose un cadre d’analyse applicable a la recherche-action, recherche-intervention, recherche collaborative, recherche participative, recherche socio-clinique et autres demarches associant les sujets touches par leurs objets.

Gilles Monceau

Papers

Transformar as práticas para conhecê-las: pesquisa-ação e profissionalização docente

Implicação, sobreimplicação e implicação profissional

Técnicas socioclínicas para a análise institucional das práticas sociais

Pratiques socianalytiques et socio-clinique institutionnelle

Mener la recherche avec les sujets concernés : comment et pour quels résultats ?