Introduction Arithmetic functions Elementary theory of prime numbers Characters Summation formulas Classical analytic theory of $L$-functions Elementary sieve methods Bilinear forms and the large sieve Exponential sums The Dirichlet polynomials Zero-density estimates Sums over finite fields Character sums Sums over primes Holomorphic modular forms Spectral theory of automorphic forms Sums of Kloosterman sums Primes in arithmetic progressions The least prime in an arithmetic progression The Goldbach problem The circle method Equidistribution Imaginary quadratic fields Effective bounds for the class number The critical zeros of the Riemann zeta function The spacing of zeros of the Riemann zeta-function Central values of $L$-functions Bibliography Index.

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Analytic Number Theory

The Theory of Matrices. By F R. Gantmacher. Two volumes, pp. 374 and 276. 1959. (Translated from the Russian by K. A. Hirsch; Chelsea Publishing Company, New York)

First published in 1975, this classic book gives a systematic account of transcendental number theory, that is those numbers which cannot be expressed as the roots of algebraic equations having rational coefficients. Their study has developed into a fertile and extensive theory enriching many branches of pure mathematics. Expositions are presented of theories relating to linear forms in the logarithms of algebraic numbers, of Schmidt's generalisation of the Thue-Siegel-Roth theorem, of Shidlovsky's work on Siegel's |E|-functions and of Sprindzuk's solution to the Mahler conjecture. The volume was revised in 1979: however Professor Baker has taken this further opportunity to update the book including new advances in the theory and many new references.

Transcendental number theory, by Alan Baker. Pp. x, 147. £4·90. 1975. SBN 0 521 20461 5 (Cambridge University Press)

This volume deals with the regularity theory for elliptic systems. We may find the origin of such a theory in two of the problems posed by David Hilbert in his celebrated lecture delivered on the occasion of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 in Paris: 19th problem: are the solutions to regular problems in the Calculus of Variations always necessarily analytic? - 20th problem: does any variational problem have a solution, provided that certain assumptions regarding the given boundary conditions are satisfied, and provided that the notion of a solution is suitably extended? During the last century these two problems have generated a great deal of work, usually referred to as is in regularity theory, which makes this topic quite relevant in many fields and still very active for research. However, the purpose of this volume, addressed mainly to students, is much more limited. We aim to illustrate only some of the basic ideas and techniques introduced in this context, confining ourselves to important but simple situations and refraining from completeness. In fact some relevant topics are omitted. Topics covered include: harmonic functions, direct methods, Hilbert space methods and Sobolev spaces, energy estimates, Schauder and Lp-theory both with and without potential theory, including the Calderon Zygmund theorem, Harnack's and De Giorgi-Moser-Nash theorems in the scalar case and partial regularity theorems in the vector valued case; finally, harmonic maps and minimal graphs in codimension 1 and greater than 1.

An Introduction to the Regularity Theory for Elliptic Systems, Harmonic Maps and Minimal Graphs

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Introduction To Cyclotomic Fields

Estimates of the form $L^{(j)}(s,\mathscr{A})\ll_{\epsilon,j,\mathscr {D_A}}\mathscr {R}^\epsilon_{\mathscr {A}}$ in the range $|s-1|\ll 1/\log \mathscr {R_A}$ for general $L$-functions, where $\mathscr {R_A}$ is a parameter related to the functional equation of $L(s,\mathscr {A})$, can be quite easily obtained if the Ramanujan hypothesis is assumed. We prove the same estimates when the $L$-functions have Euler product of polynomial type and the Ramanujan hypothesis is replaced by a much weaker assumption about the growth of certain elementary symmetrical functions. As a consequence, we obtain an upper bound of this type for every $L(s, \pi)$, where $\pi$ is an automorphic cusp form on ${\rm GL}(\mathbf {d},\mathbb {A}_K)$. We employ these results to obtain Siegel-type lower bounds for twists by Dirichlet characters of the third symmetric power of a Maass form.

Upper and lower bounds at s=1 for certain Dirichlet series with Euler product

We have recently proved several explicit versions of the prime ideal theorem under GRH. Here we further explore the method, in order to deduce its strongest consequence for the case where x diverges.

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Explicit versions of the prime ideal theorem for Dedekind zeta functions under GRH

Let g(x):= (e/x)xΓ(x+1) and F(x,y):= g(x)g(y)/g(x+y). Let Dx,y (k) be the k th differential in Taylor's expansion of logF(x,y) . We prove that when (x,y) ∈ R+ 2 one has (-1)k-1Dx,y (k) (X,Y) > 0 for every X,Y ∈ R+, and that when k is even the conclusion holds for every X,Y ∈ R with (X,Y) = (0,0). This implies that Taylor's polynomials for logF provide upper and lower bounds for logF according to the parity of their degree. The formula connecting the Beta function to the Gamma function shows that the bounds for F are actually bounds for Beta.

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Inequalities for the beta function

Abstract We prove the linear independence of the L-functions, and of their derivatives of any order, in a large class 𝒞 defined axiomatically. Such a class contains in particular the Selberg class as well as the Artin and the automorphic L-functions. Moreover, 𝒞 is a multiplicative group, and hence our result also proves the linear independence of the inverses of such L-functions.

Giuseppe Molteni

Papers

Upper and lower bounds at s=1 for certain Dirichlet series with Euler product

Explicit versions of the prime ideal theorem for Dedekind zeta functions under GRH

Inequalities for the beta function

Linear independence of L-functions

An explicit Chebotarev density theorem under GRH