Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

A TIM-3/Gal-9 Autocrine Stimulatory Loop Drives Self-Renewal of Human Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells and Leukemic Progression

WNT/β-catenin signaling promotes VSMCs to osteogenic transdifferentiation and calcification through directly modulating Runx2 gene expression.

Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease: GSK-3β as a potential link.

Pectic-oligosaccharides prepared by dynamic high-pressure microfluidization and their in vitro fermentation properties

Novel indolylmaleimide acts as GSK-3β inhibitor in human neural progenitor cells

have been used for a long time. They have technical applications, and are of considerable theoretical interest as well. The pigment can be obtained from various higher plants and fungi such as Baphicacanthus cusia (Acanthaceae), Calanthe veratrifolia (Orchidaceae), Isatis tinctoria (Brassicaceae), Polygonum tinctorium (Polygonaceae), Schizophyllum commune, and Agaricus campester through a process that involves its formation from precursors such as indican and isatan. Numerous derivatives of indigo have also been synthesized for commercial purposes. Until 2002, only three naturally occurring substituted indigos were known: the well-known Tyrian purple (isolated from purple snail) and two other brominated indigos. In 2002, Laatsch et al. reported the isolation of the akashines A, B, and C from terrestric Streptomyces spp. (Figure 2). Besides the 5,5’-dichloro-substituted indigo moiety, the akashines contain an N-glycosidic 4-amino-4,6-didesoxyglucose (akashine A) or a 4-acetamido-4,6-didesoxyglucose moiety (akashine B). They exhibit considerable growth inhibitory activity toward various human tumor cell lines, in contrast to the pharmacologically inactive non-glycosylated indigo. Indirubin, the red isomer of indigo, is the active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicinal recipe Danggui Longhui Wan, which has been used for the treatment of myelocytic leukemia. This substance and its substituted derivatives are potent inhibitors of several kinases such as glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). 9] Phosphorylation of serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues by cellular protein kinases plays an important role in the regulation of various cellular processes. Protein kinases constitute the largest family of human enzymes and are considered to be the largest class amenable to therapeutic intervention by smallmolecule drugs. CDKs and GSK-3 play key roles in a large number of cellular processes. They are involved in various diseases, including certain cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, and AIDS among others. 13] Both families of kinases have been used extensively as targets to identify small-molecular-weight pharmaceutical inhibitors of potential therapeutic interest. Among these inhibitors, the bis-indole indirubin and its analogues have gathered considerable attention, as they were discovered to inhibit CDKs and GSK-3. For example, 5-substituted indirubins display high inhibitory potency toward various CDKs and GSK-3b. 9, 14] Among indirubin isomers isolated from marine organisms, the natural product 6-bromoindirubin and its synthetic, more cell-permeable derivative 6-bromoindirubin3’-oxime also show enhanced selective inhibition of GSK-3 versus CDKs. 16] The high inhibitory potency of 5-nitroindirubin-3’-oxime led various research groups to synthesize disubstituted indirubins, namely at positions 5 and 7, thereby possibly combining selectivity and high activity. Moreover, the Figure 1. Indigo and its isomers. Figure 2. Akashin A.

Synthesis and bioactivity of carbohydrate derivatives of indigo, its isomers and heteroanalogues.

Synthesis of rhamnogalacturonan I fragments by a modular design principle.

http://oldwww.unibas.it/utenti/iacobellis/pubblicazioni%20pdf/rivista%20internazionale/Kaczynski%20et%20al.,%202006.pdf

The structure of a putative exopolysaccharide of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola.

http://oldwww.unibas.it/utenti/iacobellis/pubblicazioni%20pdf/rivista%20internazionale/karapetyan%20et%20al.,%202006.pdf

Gnuni Karapetyan

Papers

Novel indolylmaleimide acts as GSK-3β inhibitor in human neural progenitor cells

Synthesis and bioactivity of carbohydrate derivatives of indigo, its isomers and heteroanalogues.

Synthesis of rhamnogalacturonan I fragments by a modular design principle.

The structure of a putative exopolysaccharide of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola.

The structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of the lipopolysaccharide from Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola.