http://repository.ias.ac.in/39608/1/49_pub.pdf

A review of imperative technologies for wastewater treatment I: oxidation technologies at ambient conditions

A review of imperative technologies for wastewater treatment II: hybrid methods

The [2 + 2] photocycloaddition is undisputedly the most important and most frequently used photochemical reaction. In this review, it is attempted to cover all recent aspects of [2 + 2] photocycloaddition chemistry with an emphasis on synthetically relevant, regio-, and stereoselective reactions. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was done in the field in the last 20 years (i.e., from 1995 to 2015). Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to mechanism and substrate classes. Cu(I) and PET (photoinduced electron transfer) catalysis are treated separately in sections 2 and 4, whereas the vast majority of photocycloaddition reactions which occur by direct excitation or sensitization are divided within section 3 into individual subsections according to the photochemically excited olefin.

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00723

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Cyclobutanes by Olefin [2+2] Photocycloaddition Reactions

A review of applications of cavitation in biochemical engineering/biotechnology

CLINICAL NEUROSURGERY Edited by Barnes Wordall. Vol. 18. (Pp. 557; illustrated; £8 25.) Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. 1971. CLINICAL NEUROSURGERY Edited by G. T. Tindall. Vol. 19. (Pp. 598; illustrated; £12.) Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. 1972. The Congress of Neurosurgeons began in 1951 on the initiative of a group of younger neurosurgeons. In the last 20 years its membership has grown from 69 to over 1,000, but it has retained its original intentions and virility by a constitution which ensured that the office bearers and organizers were always young men. Residents in training are encouraged to join, financial concessions make it possible for them to attend meetings, and these are organized as an educational exercise, by inviting established authorities to give lectures on selected topics, chosen to provide a balanced programme. As a result Clinical Neurosurgery is a valuable volume which all neurosurgeons look forward to each year; it is in quite a different class from the usual conference tome, full of brief and unconnected papers of widely varying quality. As the title suggests Clinical Neurosurgery includes excellent clinical reviews but the two recent volumes include also a section of seminars on fundamental research-in volume 18 on coma and sleep, in volume 19 on basic mechanisms of memory. It is also the custom to invite a senior neurosurgical citizen as guest of honour and his two or three papers afford an opportunity for historical and philosophical reflections as well as an experienced perspective on clinical and experimental work. Add to this the refreshing presidential address, from one of the (angry?) young men of neurosurgery and it will be clear that these volumes really do include something of interest for every neurosurgeon, whatever his own interests or prejudices. It is a relief to be able so warmly to recommend these books, when the question posed by so many other books is whether anyone would really want to read them. The most recent volume has a more consistent theme than former ones, and that is 'head injury'. It includes papers on mechanisms as revealed by animal experiment and by a pathologist who visited the scene of the accident before examining the brains of head injury fatalities. There are chapters on engineering and socio-psychological aspects of accident prevention, as well as down to earth clinical accounts of metabolic disorders, testing for acoustic vestibular 36 damage, and aspects of prognosis. This is a significant contribution to the literature on head injury.

https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/jnnp/37/3/361.3.full.pdf

The working brain (an introduction to neuropsychology)

This paper presents stepped impedance resonator (SIR) based U-shaped two-element monopole microstrip antenna array. The stepped impedance resonator has been used to achieve a wideband response. The separation between the array elements has been optimized using fractal structures. Microstrip line feed has been used as the feeding network for the antenna array. The proposed design achieves the operating range of 800–1020 MHz (fractional bandwidth 24%) with a peak gain of 5.7 dBi at 1020 MHz. The antenna has been simulated using CST Microwave Studio (CST-MWS). The analytical characteristic of the proposed antenna agrees well with the simulated response.

Stepped Impedance Resonator Based U-Shaped Two-Element Monopole Microstrip Antenna Array

In this study, Ansys Fluent solver with SIMPLE algorithm and K-Epsilon turbulence model is used to determine the drag forces on bluff bodies with different shapes and arrangements at different Reynolds numbers. In the process, the cross-sectional areas of all the bodies are kept approximately the same to keep the amount of material same for all the cases. First, simulations of the 2D unsteady viscous flow around cylinders of circular and elliptical shapes with the same cross-sectional area are performed at Reynolds number 1000. In the case of elliptical cylinder, two different orientations are used, namely: major axis along the flow (horizontal orientation) and major axis perpendicular to the flow (vertical orientation) for aspect ratio of 0.8. The horizontally oriented elliptical cylinder shows the least drag compared to the circular and vertically oriented elliptical cylinders. The vertically oriented elliptical cylinder shows the maximum drag because of the large projected area and early flow separation from the cylinder. Later, the drag coefficients of two circular cylinders of the same diameter in tandem arrangement are investigated at inlet speeds of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10.5 knots considering L/D ratios of 2, 2.5, and 3, where L is the center-to-center distance and D is the diameter of the cylinders. For the upstream(first) cylinder, the flow separation from the cylinder is delayed as the speed increases, and the wake becomes narrower. Consequently, the drag coefficient for the first cylinder decreases with increase in speed. As the speed increases, the disturbance on the downstream(second) cylinder increases with respect to the first cylinder, and hence the drag coefficient increases.

Numerical Analysis of Flow Over Bluff Bodies of Different Shapes

Genes are the blueprint for all activities of living systems that help them to sustain and have a stable life cycle under normal conditions. Any mistakes in the genetic regulation can disturb their synchronous activity and cause a disease. Due to this, identifying the particular disease-causing genes is very significant research area in bioinformatics. In this paper, a clustering-based feature selection algorithm to select the particular gene responsible for a particular disease has been proposed by us. We have used a well-established clustering algorithm, mean shift clustering for this purpose. Mathematically, we can say that each cluster will represent genes having characteristics different from genes in other clusters. From each cluster, we shall fetch the cluster centres only and test our model on the dataset with reduced dimension. We have opted for density-based approach for its ability to predict the number of clusters by itself. Our algorithm is experimented on benchmark datasets which are publicly available and compared with two other well-established feature selection techniques under three different classification approaches, in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and F-score. Our proposed algorithm performed well in most of the cases.

Disease-Relevant Gene Selection Using Mean Shift Clustering

Proper investigation of cancer has always been of foremost importance for its accurate forecasting, thereby aiding the correct cure. Microarray-based gene expression profiling is being practised for this purpose making it one of the leading research interests for discovering gene clusters accountable for a particular behavior. Big data analytics provides an efficient way to seek facts about the biological processes inherent from this microarray data. Previously, many attempts have been made to achieve this using numerous clustering approaches, but the results were quite deviating from the reality. In this work, we have attempted to discover potential and accurate gene indicators from the gene expression data by using a well-known quantitative measure called quantum clustering. The characteristic feature of this concept is that the total estimate of clusters formed is not predetermined but is determined depending on the nature of the data. As the concept is established on the grounds that a cluster is formed by density wise spaces, where the center is formed based on the density maxima point, this motivated us to detect those clusters which may be engaged in a certain biological process. The clustering approach becomes privileged in that extremely dense spaces are inherently detected and combined to produce arbitrarily shaped clusters without regarding the dimension of the space. For the purpose of comparing the results obtained, we have also applied a non-parametric measure, namely, the mean shift clustering on the gene expression data. For validation purpose, we used DAVID to check the significance of the clusters created. Results show that the genes so discovered are highly indicative in the pursuit of rare diseases.

Clustering-Based Techniques for Big Data Analysis of Gene Expression

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) in Ayurveda can be correlated with Kampavata or Tremor, which is one of the four cardinal symptoms of PD. Along with this tremor, various other symptoms or diseases can manifest along with PD. In this research, we considered 43 different diseases and symptoms for analysis of the current health status of PD. Initially, we marked each disease and symptom with its respective disturbed Dosha. Next, we calculated the cumulative Dosha score for each individual Tridosha based on the diseases and symptoms a person is currently suffering from along with PD. Finally, different Dosha patterns were identified through different statistical analyses. We observed the variation of Tridosha due to changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) and age. The results obtained successfully established the association of various current health-related Doshas with PD compared to controls. The positive significant differences in mean Dosha score were observed for Vata and Kapha Dosha for PD compared to control. Significant Dosha variations have been observed for PD in relation to different BMI categories and age categories. There is a possibility that Dosha will become distorted when a subject’s weight varies from normal weight to underweight or obese. Likewise, the probability of Dosha vitiations increases with age. The Vata Dosha with Odds Ratio (OR) 1.036 (1.016-1.058), Pitta Dosha OR 0.814 (0.784-0.846) and Kapha Dosha OR 1.280 (1.229-1.332) shows the probability of all Doshas occurring in Parkinson’s disease.

https://informaticsjournals.com/index.php/jnr/article/download/31343/22447

Goutam Saha

Papers

Stepped Impedance Resonator Based U-Shaped Two-Element Monopole Microstrip Antenna Array

Numerical Analysis of Flow Over Bluff Bodies of Different Shapes

Disease-Relevant Gene Selection Using Mean Shift Clustering

Clustering-Based Techniques for Big Data Analysis of Gene Expression

The Behavioural Analysis of the Dosha Pattern Derived from Associated Current Diseases and Symptoms along with Parkinson’s Disease