G eant 4 is a toolkit for simulating the passage of particles through matter. It includes a complete range of functionality including tracking, geometry, physics models and hits. The physics processes offered cover a comprehensive range, including electromagnetic, hadronic and optical processes, a large set of long-lived particles, materials and elements, over a wide energy range starting, in some cases, from 250 eV and extending in others to the TeV energy range. It has been designed and constructed to expose the physics models utilised, to handle complex geometries, and to enable its easy adaptation for optimal use in different sets of applications. The toolkit is the result of a worldwide collaboration of physicists and software engineers. It has been created exploiting software engineering and object-oriented technology and implemented in the C++ programming language. It has been used in applications in particle physics, nuclear physics, accelerator design, space engineering and medical physics.

/pdf/geant4-a-simulation-toolkit-12yx9js3je.pdf

Geant4—a simulation toolkit

In The Unified Modeling Language User Guide, the original developers of the UML--Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh, and Ivar Jacobson--provide a tutorial to the core aspects of the language in a two-color format designed to facilitate learning. Starting with a conceptual model of the UML, the book progressively applies the UML to a series of increasingly complex modeling problems across a variety of application domains. This example-driven approach helps readers quickly understand and apply the UML. For more advanced developers, the book includes a learning track focused on applying the UML to advanced modeling problems.With The Unified Modeling Language User Guide, readers will:Understand what the UML is, what it is not, and why it is relevant to the development of software-intensive systemsMaster the vocabulary, rules, and idioms of the UML in order to "speak" the language effectivelyLearn how to apply the UML to a number of common modeling problemsSee illustrations of the UML's use interspersed with use cases for specific UML features, andGain insight into the UML from the original creators of the UML.

/pdf/the-unified-modeling-language-user-guide-4wct2t74to.pdf

The Unified Modeling Language User Guide

Geant4 - A Simulation Toolkit

Given the central role that software development plays in the delivery and application of information technology, managers are increasingly focusing on process improvement in the software development area. This demand has spurred the provision of a number of new and/or improved approaches to software development, with perhaps the most prominent being object-orientation (OO). In addition, the focus on process improvement has increased the demand for software measures, or metrics with which to manage the process. The need for such metrics is particularly acute when an organization is adopting a new technology for which established practices have yet to be developed. This research addresses these needs through the development and implementation of a new suite of metrics for OO design. Metrics developed in previous research, while contributing to the field's understanding of software development processes, have generally been subject to serious criticisms, including the lack of a theoretical base. Following Wand and Weber (1989), the theoretical base chosen for the metrics was the ontology of Bunge (1977). Six design metrics are developed, and then analytically evaluated against Weyuker's (1988) proposed set of measurement principles. An automated data collection tool was then developed and implemented to collect an empirical sample of these metrics at two field sites in order to demonstrate their feasibility and suggest ways in which managers may use these metrics for process improvement. >

/pdf/a-metrics-suite-for-object-oriented-design-539bycjzzb.pdf

A metrics suite for object oriented design

Prior research has provided valuable insights into how and why employees make a decision about the adoption and use of information technologies (ITs) in the workplace. From an organizational point of view, however, the more important issue is how managers make informed decisions about interventions that can lead to greater acceptance and effective utilization of IT. There is limited research in the IT implementation literature that deals with the role of interventions to aid such managerial decision making. Particularly, there is a need to understand how various interventions can influence the known determinants of IT adoption and use. To address this gap in the literature, we draw from the vast body of research on the technology acceptance model (TAM), particularly the work on the determinants of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, and: (i) develop a comprehensive nomological network (integrated model) of the determinants of individual level (IT) adoption and use; (ii) empirically test the proposed integrated model; and (iii) present a research agenda focused on potential pre- and postimplementation interventions that can enhance employees' adoption and use of IT. Our findings and research agenda have important implications for managerial decision making on IT implementation in organizations.

/pdf/technology-acceptance-model-3-and-a-research-agenda-on-3xnjvztlvt.pdf

Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions

This tutorial describes the Booth method for object-oriented design, including details of the notation and the design process. It describes the principles that are necessary for thinking and abstracting in terms of classes and objects. The tutorial includes a number of examples, including war stories from specific projects. It also covers extensions to the notation beyond that described in Object-Oriented Design with Applications.This tutorial is a condensed version of Booths popular tutorial given at past OOPSLAs. If you have attended that in the past then you should attend tutorial 18 instead of this one.

Introduction to object-oriented design (abstract)

This article deals with the comparison between building architecture and software architecture. In software, cost estimation is extremely immature, and more accurate estimates can be obtained only by each iteration.

Artifacts and Process

Inivited Talk 1.- Agile Processes: Developing Your Own "Secret Recipes".- Practical Model Management.- Difference and Union of Models.- GREAT: UML Transformation Tool for Porting Middleware Applications.- Model-Centric Engineering with the Evolution and Validation Environment.- Time and Quality of Service.- Representing Temporal Information in UML.- Formal Semantics of UML with Real-Time Constructs.- A QoS-Oriented Extension of UML Statecharts.- Short Tool Papers.- CheckVML: A Tool for Model Checking Visual Modeling Languages.- A Workbench to Experiment on New Model Engineering Applications.- ProGUM-Web: Tool Support for Model-Based Development of Web Applications.- Composition and Architecture.- On the Key Role of Composition in Object-Oriented Modelling.- Compositional and Relational Reasoning During Class Abstraction.- Encoding Informal Architectural Descriptions with UML: An Experience Report.- Inivited Talk 2.- UML/MDA Reality Check: Heterogenous Architecture Style.- Transformation.- Towards Automating Source-Consistent UML Refactorings.- Model Refactorings as Rule-Based Update Transformations.- Reflective Model Driven Engineering.- The Web.- A Model-Driven Runtime Environment for Web Applications.- Using UML and XMI for Generating Adaptive Navigation Sequences in Web-Based Systems.- Platform Independent Web Application Modeling.- Testing and Validation.- Rigorous Testing by Merging Structural and Behavioral UML Representations.- Towards Automated Support for Deriving Test Data from UML Statecharts.- Validation of UML and OCL Models by Automatic Snapshot Generation.- Improving UML/OCL.- A Critique of UML's Definition of the Use-Case Class.- Modelling Database Views with Derived Classes in the UML/OCL-framework.- An OCL Extension for Low-Coupling Preserving Contracts.- Invited Talk 3.- What Is the Point of the UML?.- Consistency.- Using Description Logic to Maintain Consistency between UML Models.- Modeling and Testing Legacy Data Consistency Requirements.- The Consistency Workbench: A Tool for Consistency Management in UML-Based Development.- Methodology.- Developing Safety-Critical Systems with UML.- Consistent and Complete Access Control Policies in Use Cases.- STAIRS - Steps To Analyze Interactions with Refinement Semantics.- Workshops and Tutorials.- Workshops at the UML 2003 Conference.- Tutorials at the UML 2003 Conference.

《UML》 2003 - the Unified Modeling Language : modeling languages and applications : 6th International Conference, San Francisco, CA, USA, October 20-24, 2003 : proceedings

Patterns: Cult to Culture? - Panel Session.

No matter your individual position on the matter, faith is a powerful element of the human experience. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that computing intersects with the story of belief in many ways. Here, we explore computing as a medium for faith, as a ritual space, and as a technology that itself raises certain metaphysical issues. The Web extra at http://youtu.be/pX08oIUQG0s is an audio podcast of author Grady Booch reading his On Computing column, in which he explores computing as a medium for faith, as a ritual space, and as a technology that itself raises certain metaphysical issues.

Grady Booch

Papers

Introduction to object-oriented design (abstract)

Artifacts and Process

《UML》 2003 - the Unified Modeling Language : modeling languages and applications : 6th International Conference, San Francisco, CA, USA, October 20-24, 2003 : proceedings

Patterns: Cult to Culture? - Panel Session.

Deus ex Machina