https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4

Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning

rhetorical schemata to be discussed in what follows. Finally, schemata are descriptions, not definitions. The ‘bus’ schema contains information that is nor-

http://www.discourses.org/OldBooks/Teun%20A%20van%20Dijk%20&%20Walter%20Kintsch%20-%20Strategies%20of%20Discourse%20Comprehension.pdf

Strategies of discourse comprehension

The purpose of this article is to review basic empirical results from the psychological literature in a way that provides a useful foundation for research on consumer knowledge. A conceptual organization for this diverse literature is provided by two fundamental distinctions. First, consumer expertise is distinguished from product-related experience. Second, five distinct aspects, or dimensions, of expertise are identified: cognitive effort, cognitive structure, analysis, elaboration, and memory. Improvements in the first two dimensions are shown to have general beneficial effects on the latter three. Analysis, elaboration, and memory are shown to have more specific interrelationships. The empirical findings related to each dimension are reviewed and, on the basis of those findings, specific research hypotheses about the effects of expertise on consumer behavior are suggested.

Dimensions of Consumer Expertise

This article presents a model of reading comprehension that accounts for the allocation of eye fixations of college students reading scientific passages. The model deals with processing at the level of words, clauses, and text units. Readers make longer pauses at points where processing loads are greater. Greater loads occur while readers are accessing infrequent words, integrating information from important clauses, and making inferences at the ends of sentences. The model accounts forthe gaze duration on each word of text as a function of the involvement of the various levels of processing. The model is embedded in a theoretical framework capable of accommodating the flexibility of reading.

https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/rev/87/4/329.pdf

A theory of reading: From eye fixations to comprehension.

To account for the large demands on working memory during text comprehension and expert performance, the traditional models of working memory involving temporary storage must be extended to include working memory based on storage in long-term memory. In the proposed theoretical framework cognitive processes are viewed as a sequence of stable states representing end products of processing. In skilled activities, acquired memory skills allow these end products to be stored in long-term memory and kept directly accessible by means of retrieval cues in short-term memory, as proposed by skilled memory theory. These theoretical claims are supported by a review of evidence on memory in text comprehension and expert performance in such domains as mental calculation, medical diagnosis, and chess.

Long-term working memory

Text processing of domain-related information for individuals with high and low domain knowledge

Text generation and recall by high-knowledge and low-knowledge individuals

PROSE is a knowledge-based configurator platform for telecommunications products. Its outstanding feature is a product knowledge base written in C-classIC, a frame-based knowledge representation system in the KL-ONE family of languages. It is one of the first successful products using a KL-ONE style language. Unlike previous configurator applications, the PROSE knowledge base is in a purely declarative form that provides developers with the ability to add knowledge quickly and consistently. The PROSE architecture is general and is not tied to any specific telecommunications product. As such, it is being reused to develop configurators for several different products. Finally, PROSE not only generates configurations from just a few high-level parameters, but it can also verify configurations produced manually by customers, engineers, or salespeople. The same product knowledge, encoded in C-classIC, supports both the generation and the verification of product configurations.

https://www.aaai.org/Papers/IAAI/1993/IAAI93-016.pdf

A knowledge-based configurator that supports sales, engineering, and manufacturing at AT&T Network Systems

Network awareness is highly critical for network and security administrators. It enables informed planning and management of network resources, as well as detection and a comprehensive understanding of malicious activity. It requires a set of tools to efficiently collect, process, and represent network data. While many such tools already exist, there is no flexible and practical solution for visualizing network activity at various granularities, and quickly gaining insights about the status of network assets. To address this issue, we developed Nfsight, a Net-Flow processing and visualization application designed to offer a comprehensive network awareness solution. Nfsight constructs bidirectional flows out of the unidirectional NetFlow flows and leverages these bidirectional flows to provide client/server identification and intrusion detection capabilities. We present in this paper the internal architecture of Nfsight, the evaluation of the service, and intrusion detection algorithms. We illustrate the contributions of Nfsight through several case studies conducted by security administrators on a large university network.

/pdf/nfsight-netflow-based-network-awareness-tool-4ur9emql03.pdf

Gregg T. Vesonder

Papers

Text processing of domain-related information for individuals with high and low domain knowledge

Text generation and recall by high-knowledge and low-knowledge individuals

A knowledge-based configurator that supports sales, engineering, and manufacturing at AT&T Network Systems

Nfsight: netflow-based network awareness tool

On the ability to predict one's own responses while learning